The Racial State-Nazi Racial Ideology Towards Jews Flashcards
When was the boycott of Jewish shops?
1st April 1933
What was the boycott of Jewish shops?
SA marked out which places of business were to be targeted and stood menacingly outside to intimidate customers
What other parts of the boycott other than to Jewish shops were involved?
It also applied to Jewish professionals such as doctors and lawyers e.g. Jewish lawyers attacked in the street and had their legal robes stripped from them same as school teachers, Jewish doctors etc.
What was the boycott’s impact?
It made a big public impact and featured prominently in news coverage both in Germany and in foreign countries, but it was not an unqualified success
What were the negatives of the Jewish boycott?
It was unclear in many cases what was a ‘Jewish’ business and what wasn’t- many businesses either half-Jewish or half-German in ownership
How long did the Jewish Boycott last?
The boycott was abandoned after only one day
What did the Boycott seem to show?
It showed the unleashing of Nazi violence by an aggressive new dictatorship just a week after the Enabling Act
What was the real situation about the Boycott however?
Hitler did not want a ‘revolution from below’ and wanted to keep SA under control and did not want adverse reactions from allies in Germany or from foreign public opinion
What were the Civil Service Laws in 1933?
-April 1933; Law for Restoration of the Professional Civil Service; this required Jews to be dismissed from the Civil Service
What was the issue with the Civil Service Laws?
President Hindenburg insisted on exemptions for German Jews who had served in WW! and for those whose fathers had been killed in the war- this exemption was kept in place until after Hindenburg’s death in 1934
What was the impact of the Civil Service Laws?
A devastating economic and psychological impact on middle-class Jews in Germany; in 1933, 37,000 Jews left Germany
How were Jewish Lawyers affected by these measures?
Jewish lawyers made about 16% of Germany’s legal profession and 60% were able to continue working
How were doctors affected by these measures?
> 10% of German doctors were Jews- They were branded as a ‘danger to German society’; The regime announced ban on Jewish doctors in April 1933; In theory, Jewish doctors could now treat only Jewish patients however many Jewish doctors carried normal practice for several years after 1933
What law was there against Jewish education?
In April 1933, the Laws against Overcrowding of German Schools and Unis restricted number of Jewish children who could attend state schools and unis
How were Jewish children affected by this law?
Process of forcing all Jewish children completed in 1938 however could still attend private education and Jewish schools
