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History: Democracy and Nazism: Germany 1918-1945 > The Racial State 1933-1941 > Flashcards

The Racial State 1933-1941 Flashcards

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1
Q

Which Nazi ideology saw The Herrenvolk (Aryans) as superior and thus justified ‘racial hygiene’ and sterilisation?

A

Social Darwinism

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2
Q

Which Nazi ideology meant ‘people’s community’ and wanted a pure Aryan German society without people who threatened the Volk?

A

Volksgemeinschaft

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3
Q

Which Nazi ideology wanted ‘Living Space’ as grounds for a racial war of annihilation?

A

Lebensraum

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4
Q

Which law in July 1933 made sterilisation compulsory for anyone with a mental hereditary disease or addiction?

A

Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Progeny

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5
Q

What was banned for Aryan women?

A

Contraception and Abortion

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6
Q

How many children were killed in the T4 programme?

A

5000

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7
Q

Who opposed the T4 programme and stopped it?

A

Catholics

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8
Q

Who were rounded up in September 1933 and again in 1936, this time for the olympics?

A

Tramps and beggars

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9
Q

How many homosexuals were convicted and how many died imprisoned in concentration camps?

A

50,000 convicted

60%

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10
Q

Who saw the radical Nazi regime as a test of faith and thus didn’t react to persecution?

A

Jehovas Witnesses

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11
Q

How many Jehovas Witnesses were arrested by 1945?

A

10,000

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12
Q

Who did the 1935 Nuremberg Laws apply to?

A

Gypsies (Roma and Sinti)

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13
Q

What Nazi event was the first public display of antisemitism but looked like an aggressive dictatorship flaunting it’s power and only lasted a day?

A

Boycott of the Shops 1933

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14
Q

Which laws in 1933 were meant to exclude Jews from the Civil Service but 2/3 stayed because of Hindenburg?

A

Civil Service Laws

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15
Q

How many Jewish lawyers maintained their jobs?

A

60%

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16
Q

Who were declared a ‘danger to German society’ and banned in April 1933?

A

Doctors

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17
Q

Which law under the 1935 Nuremberg Laws stopped Jews being citizens?

A

Reich Citizenship Law

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18
Q

What law outlawed marriage between aryans and non aryans and pressured women to leave their jewish husbands?

A

Law for protection of German blood and honour

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19
Q

What occurred in 1938 that rapidly accelerated an economic campaign against the Jews and caused 500 Jews to commit suicide?

A

Anschluss

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20
Q

Which decree in 1938 confiscated Jewish property that was over 5000 marks?

A

Decree of registration of Jewish property

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21
Q

How many Jewish salesmen lost their jobs after being banned in 1938?

A

30,000

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22
Q

What made Jews identifiable in October 1938?

A

J on passport

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23
Q

What occurred in November 1938 that killed 91 Jews and made Jews pay damages?

A

Reichkristallknacht

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24
Q

When was the legal phase (phase one) of the Nazi’s radicalisation?

A

1933-1934

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25
Q

When was the new Germany phase (phase two) of the Nazi’s radicalisation, where Hitler worried about publi opinion and didn’t confront powerful things like the church?

A

1934-1937

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26
Q

When was the true radicalisation (phase three) wherein the economy was booming and Hitler felt they were ready for war?

A

1938-1939

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27
Q

What is the word for ‘master race’?

A

Herrenvolk

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28
Q

When was xray sterilization of women over 38 years introduced?

A

1936

29
Q

Who were strongly in favour of the sterilisation policy?

A

Judges

30
Q

By October 1939, what had the regime authorised for mentally and physically disabled people?

A

Euthanasia

31
Q

What was the catalyst for the T4 programme?

A

The case of a badly disabled child

32
Q

What gave Nazis the technical and administrative methods as well as the trained personnel to implement the final solution?

A

T4 Programme

33
Q

What are some examples of opposition to the T4 Programme?

A

Pastor Braune in 1940, who was arrested by the Gestapo

Official statement from Rome

34
Q

What was the main reason for the halting of the T4 Programme?

A

The sermon Bishop Galen gave which halted the programme in 1941 August

35
Q

What was set up in 1936 that relocated asocials?

A

Asocial colony

36
Q

In 1933, what did the Nazis begin to persecute homosexuals through and give an example?

A

Purged their literature and organisations e,g institute of sex research in May 1933

37
Q

In 1934, what did the Gestapo begin to compile lists of?

A

Gay people

38
Q

When was the law on homosexuality amended that caused 22,000 men to be arrested between 1936 and 1938?

A

1935

39
Q

What was set up in 1936 by Himmler which meant that by 1939 100,000 men were arrested for homosexuality?

A

reich office for combatting of homosexuality and abortion

40
Q

Who refused to take an oath of loyalty to Hitler and refused to give him the salute?

A

Jehovas Witnesses

41
Q

By 1945, how many Jehovas Witnesses were imprisoned?

A

10,000

42
Q

What did Jehovas Witnesses do in camps?

A

Converted people

43
Q

Who were some religious sects who conformed to the regime?

A

Seventh-Day Adventists

Mormons

44
Q

When were Gypsies deported from Germany to Poland?

A

September 1939

45
Q

In 1933, how many Jews left Germany because of the Civil Service Laws?

A

37,000

46
Q

Which laws in October 1933 silenced Jewish Journalists and forced them to leave the country?

A

Reich Press Law

47
Q

What put up signs saying Jews weren’t welcome?

A

Pubs and businesses

48
Q

Where did ‘pro Nazi activists’ push anti-Jewish measures?

A

Local schools
village committees
public life

49
Q

What were signs put up to discriminate Jewish people usually for, shown through the fact that one Jewish customer was assured they could enter?

A

Keep Nazi officials happy

50
Q

Who was barred from his artists club in 1935 and from restaurants and spas?

A

Albert Herzfeld

51
Q

When Nazi activists tried to remove a Jewish statue, who drew the line and blocked the proposal?

A

Local party boss

52
Q

Between 1938 and 1940, where did the balance of power shift to?

A

Radical elements in the Nazi party

53
Q

What were Jewish men and women labelled in 1939?

A

Sarah and Israel

54
Q

What did the war against Poland provide the regime with in regards to emigration?

A

national emergency = secrecy and dictatorial power
propaganda machine
new territories
Germanisation of Poland and a ‘jew free’ empire

55
Q

What were the Jews of Poland, because they were unorthadox?

A

Untermenschen

56
Q

What was established to cope with the 61% of Jews, or almost 2 million, gained from the war against Poland?

A

General Government and Reich Ghetto

57
Q

What was impossible to implement because of the war against Poland?

A

The deportation of 30,000 Jews from Germany as well as the removal of all of them from Vienna

58
Q

Between November 1939 and February 1940, how many people were transported to the General Government, 550,000 of which were dues?

A

One million

59
Q

How many Jews did the Nazis want to sent to Madagascar, because there were no serious political problems (like with the Palsetine Gov), and had more space?

A

4 million

60
Q

Why did the Madagascar Plan in June 1940 fail?

A

Germany didn’t defeat Britain and OP BARB was already being planned

61
Q

Why did Nazi Anti-Semitic policies intensify between 1940 and 1941?

A

War in east was a war of racial annihilation compared to the war in the west

62
Q

In November 1939 in Germany, what were Jews banned from buying?

A

Radios

63
Q

In 1940, what were Jews excluded from?

A

Rationing for clothes and shoes

64
Q

In 1941, what did Jews have to have to travel, and what were they made to wear?

A

Police permit

Star of David

65
Q

When was the first Ghetto set up in Lodz, where 320,000 Jews were living?

A

February 1940

66
Q

How did the Nazis economically exploit Jews in the Ghettos?

A

Homes confiscated
Forced labour
Jews had to sell their valuables to survive
Restricted food medical supplies and other goods
Six people shared a room
No water

67
Q

How many people died in Warsaw Ghetto between 1940 and 1941?

A

More than 100,000

68
Q

How many Soviet Jews were killed by the Einsatzgruppen in June and July 1941?

A

Half a million

69
Q

How many people did the Einsatzgruppen kill in Poland, including Jews and intelligensia?

A

15,000

History: Democracy and Nazism: Germany 1918-1945 (6 decks)

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