THE PROBLEM OF THE SUCCESSION Flashcards
Why did the Scottish Parliament have to decide on accepting William and Mary as monarchs after the Glorious Revolution?
The Scottish Parliament needed to decide if they would follow England’s example and accept William and Mary as monarchs of Scotland after James VII’s reign.
What conditions did the Scottish Parliament set in the Claim of Right?
The Claim of Right, issued on April 11, 1689, offered the crown to William and Mary if they agreed to address the abuses from James VII’s reign, especially his treatment of Presbyterians.
What was the purpose of the Articles of Grievance?
The Articles of Grievance, produced on April 13, 1689, aimed to reduce the monarch’s control over the Scottish Parliament, allowing free discussion on any topic.
How did the limitations placed by the Scottish Parliament compare to those in England?
The Scottish Parliament imposed greater limitations on royal power compared to the English settlement, asserting its authority to choose the monarch.
What tactic did William of Orange use to try to influence the Scottish Parliament?
William of Orange appointed powerful noblemen like the Dukes of Queensberry, Argyll, Atholl, and Hamilton to secure a pro-government majority in the Scottish Parliament.
Why was William’s tactic unsuccessful in gaining control over the Scottish Parliament?
Rivalries among the powerful noblemen created divisions, making it hard to govern effectively or secure support in the Scottish Parliament.
Which two factions emerged in the Scottish Parliament, and what were their stances?
The Court Party, which supported the monarch’s policies, and the Country Party, which opposed the Court Party, believing Scotland was treated unfairly by William of Orange.
What economic issues increased tensions between Scotland and England?
The Navigation Acts restricted Scottish trade with English colonies, and William’s wars with France prohibited Scottish trade with France, damaging Scotland’s economy.
How did the collapse of the Darien Scheme affect Scotland’s relationship with England?
The failure of the Darien Scheme intensified resentment, with the Scottish Parliament blaming England for its collapse.
What were the concerns of Scottish politicians regarding the Regal Union of 1603?
Many Scots believed that sharing a monarch with England harmed Scotland, as foreign policies favoured English interests, often to Scotland’s detriment.
Why was the issue of succession a concern in 1701?
William and Mary had no children, leaving Anne as the likely heir. However, Anne’s son, William, Duke of Gloucester, died, making the line of succession unclear.
How did the English Act of Settlement in 1701 attempt to address the succession issue?
The Act of Settlement declared that if Anne died childless, the English throne would pass to the descendants of Sophia, Electress of Hanover, excluding James Edward Stuart.
Why was the Act of Settlement problematic for Scotland?
England assumed that Scotland would accept the Hanoverian line without consulting the Scottish Parliament, which frustrated many Scots who felt their sovereignty was ignored.
What was Queen Anne’s attitude toward Scotland upon her succession in 1702?
Queen Anne held an anti-Scottish stance, referring to Scots as “unreasonable” and “strange,” and identifying herself as “entirely English.”
Why did the delayed summoning of the Scottish Parliament in 1702 cause frustration?
Scottish law required the new monarch to summon Parliament within 20 days of the previous monarch’s death, but it took 90 days, which Scots saw as a disregard for their sovereignty.
