Background - GLENCOE Flashcards
What was the Massacre of Glencoe, and when did it occur?
The Massacre of Glencoe was an event on 13 February 1692 where Captain Robert Campbell and his soldiers murdered 38 members of the MacDonald clan in Glencoe, while others fled into a blizzard.
Why did the MacDonalds initially welcome the soldiers into their homes?
The MacDonalds believed the soldiers were there to collect taxes and had come to stay due to a lack of accommodation at Inverlochy Fort.
How did the soldiers’ actions during the massacre create mixed reactions?
Some soldiers followed orders but others gave warnings, and some reportedly did not have the stomach for the massacre, while others took pleasure in their violent actions.
What is the significance of the nine of diamonds in relation to the Massacre of Glencoe?
The nine of diamonds is known as “the curse of Scotland” because it resembles the coat of arms of Sir John Dalrymple, the Earl of Stair, who played a central role in ordering the massacre.
What was the political reason behind the Massacre of Glencoe?
The massacre was intended to silence potential Highland rebellions against King William, especially as he was focused on the Nine Years’ War against France.
Why was the MacDonald clan of Glencoe targeted, despite other clans not signing the oath in time?
MacIain of Glencoe, the clan chief, signed his oath late, and his name was removed from the accepted list by government officers in Edinburgh, many of whom were Campbell lawyers.
What role did King William play in the Massacre of Glencoe?
Although King William’s signature appeared on orders for action against the MacDonalds, the 1695 inquiry suggested he did not specifically intend for violence to occur.
Why did Captain Robert Campbell of Glenlyon carry out the massacre?
Campbell had to follow orders or risk being expelled from the army, especially as he was dealing with personal debts from gambling and drinking.
What effect did the Massacre of Glencoe have on the Jacobite cause?
The massacre became widely known, damaging King William’s government’s reputation and strengthening support for the Jacobite cause.
Why is the Massacre of Glencoe considered a public relations disaster for King William’s government?
The massacre showed William’s apparent disregard for Scottish affairs, portraying him as indifferent and deepening divisions between England and Scotland.
