The Police Flashcards
How many police forces are there in Eng and Wales? And how many of these are in London?
43 in total.
2 in London (Metropolitan Police and City of London Police)
What are brief details about Special Constables, PSCO’s and National Crime agency?
Special constables - volunteer min 4 hours a week. Almost same powers as paid officers and have same powers
PSCO’s - Can’t arrest, process or interview prisoners. Associated with minor offences. Visible Street presence
National Crime Agency - Emerged out of a drugs intelligence initiative. Now have a wider remit and also works internationally
What are the 3 police powers?
Stop and search
Arrest
Detention at station (Right to silence)
What are the 3 models of policing?
Community policing
Problem-orientated policing
Intelligence led policing
What is the history of policing?
Policing emerged in the 18th century. By the 19th century, there were police forces in Glasgow, Ireland and London.
In the 20th century, police became more independent of local authority control. Cars/radio had large influence on policing
What did the Police Act 1964 encourage police to do?
To patrol in cars on the basis of efficiency, but this seemed to create a feel of ‘fire brigade policing’
Why has policing becoming centralised cause problems?
People argued they became less responsive to local issues. Government seem to have an influence over policing.
What are the police powers after 1984 PACE?
Detain a person/vehicle Stop and search if suspicion of stolen goods Can stop vehicles Powers to search vehicles for weapons Further powers in pursuit of terrorism
How is zero-tolerance policing different in New York and the UK?
Harsher regimes in NY on minor crimes led to a noticeable drop in minor and serious crimes. However, it has been associated with causing riots in the UK.
What did Reiner say about ‘street cops’?
Mission is more than a job
Moral conservatism - instinct to keep things as they are
Racial prejudice
Pragmatic, down to earth approach
What did Chan say about police culture?
Should remember there is not one police culture; there are more sub-subcultures. Individual officers aren’t passive recipients of a culture
What are some examples of police corruption?
Opportunistic theft
Corruption of authority
Shakedown
Fixing, Flaking
Governance: Who are the 3 stakeholders who share management of policing?
Home Secretary
Chief Constable
Local Police Authority (less involved)
Since 1994, there are also independent members.
Since 2011, should be more public engagement and less interference from central government (argued this isn’t true)
What are examples of plural policing? And why do we have them?
CCTV, gates, guards, private security.
Due to fear of crime, financial limits on police activity.
