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Middle East history > the PLO > Flashcards

the PLO Flashcards

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1
Q

when was the PLO formed

A

1968 Cairo

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2
Q

what were the original aims of the PLO

A

to get back Palestinian land lost in 1948-9, and get rid of the state of Israel

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3
Q

when was Fatah formed

A

1959

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4
Q

what was Fatah’s goal

A

to create a Palestinian state

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5
Q

what was the impact of the 6 day war on the PLO

A

Arab countries couldn’t support them anymore
350 000 Palestinians had to leave the West Bank (recruits)
by 1967 half the population of Jordan was Palestinian ( recruits)

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6
Q

what was the impact of refugee camps on the PLO

A

after 1949, 700000 Arabs lived as refugees (recruits)
the camps were terrible ( resentment toward Israel festered)

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7
Q

when did Israel invade karameh Jordan

A

1968 with 15 000 troops

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8
Q

in the battle of karameh how many palestinian fighters were there

A

300

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9
Q

what motivated Palestinians to join the PLO after the battle of Karameh

A

500 Palestinians joined because it showed that the Israelis were not invincible

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10
Q

why did the battle of Karameh happen

A

PLO kept raiding Israel

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11
Q

when did the PFLP hijack a plane in Athens

A

December 1968

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12
Q

how did Israel respond to the Athens hijacking

A

destroying 13 planes in Beirut Lebanon

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13
Q

when did the PLO bomb a Swiss plane on it’s way to Israel

A

February 1970

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14
Q

when did King Hussein order the PLO to stop raids on Israel

A

September 1970

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15
Q

why didn’t Hussein want the PLO to stay in Jordan

A

they acted like they were in charge , carrying weapons and making road blocks

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16
Q

what made Hussein kick out the PLO

A

PFLP hijacked 4 international planes and took them to a base in Jordan

17
Q

how did Hussein kick out the PLO

A

sent his army to control them , 3000 died when they resisted

18
Q

what was black September

A

extremist group named after the month when the PLO was removed from Jordan

19
Q

how did they retaliate for being kicked out of Jordan

A

killed the Jordanian prime minister

20
Q

how did they terrorise Israel

A

sent letter bombs to Israeli embassies in Europe

21
Q

when did Black September kidnap Israeli athletes at the German olympics

A

5 September 1972

22
Q

what was the effect of Black September’s kidnapping

A
  • brought attention to the Palestinian problem and refugee camps
  • some saw the PLO as terrorists
23
Q

when did Arafat become chairman of the PLO

A

1968 after the battle of karameh made him popular

Middle East history (7 decks)

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