post 1948 war Flashcards
how did the Arab states feel after the defeat in 1949
- bitter and embarrassed and anti-western because they felt the use had bullied the UN into granting partition
syria-israeli post war relations
- the Israelis tried to force out Arabs from the demilitarised zone between Syria and Israel and tried to divert water from the river Jordan to irrigate dry parts of Israel
Jordan-israeli post war relations
King Abdullah was assassinated in 1951 and by 1953 his grandson hussein was king
- 1 million Palestinians who had lived on the West Bank (now part of Jordan) wanted to return
- there were reprisal raids as a response to raids into Israel
and example of reprisal raids
October 1953, an Israeli woman and her 2 kids are killed in a raid into Israel and the Israeli forces attacked the Jordanian village of Qibya , blew up 45 houses and 50 + people died
Egypt-israel post war relations
300000 Palestinians were now living in the Gaza Strip (Egyptian military zone), most of who had fled from Israel between 1947-9
-Palestinian fighter; Fedayeen, attack Jewish settlements because they want to go home
- many Palestinians in Gaza wanted to cross the border to visit family, graze animals, harvest crops, etc, but the Israeli defence forces (IDF) retaliated with reprisal raids
how did Egypt feel about the loss
they were bitter
why was Egypt an important Arab state
- it was the largest
- the bridge between Africa and Asia
- it had the Suez Canal
why was the Suez Canal important to the British
- they had military bases in the east
- they needed oil supply from the Persian gulf
why was the Suez Canal important to the British
- they had military bases in the east
- they needed oil supply from the Persian gulf
how did the Egyptians feel about the British
- they didn’t want the 70000 troops in the Canal Zone because it felt like imperialism
who did the military blame for the loss of the war
- king Farouk and the government
- the government for poor equipment and incompetent leadership
who were the free officers
- a group of officers who came from poor backgrounds, but got an education and rose up the ranks
what did the free officers want to do ?
- they wanted to overthrow the government
when did the free officers overthrow the government
- July 1952
why didn’t the Egyptians like king Farouk
- he divorced his popular Egyptian wife and spent a lot of time in resorts in the Mediterranean.
how did the free officers overthrow the government
- took over key gov buildings and announced their success on the radio
- allowed king Farouk to flee
who was the leader of the gov at first
neguib, but Nasser as the most powerful
a quote that motivated Nasser
remember the real battle is in Egypt ~ dying friend in the 1948-9 war
what 2 steps did Nasser believe were part of the battle
- removing the king
- removing foreign troops from Egypt to make it truly independent
when did Nasser become president of Egypt
1954
what did Nasser do as soon as he became president
- he persuaded the British to remove their troops
why did the British and Americans agree to remove their troops
- they wanted Nasser as an anti-soviet ally In the Middle East because Egypt was the strongest and most developed Arab state
what did Nasser want in terms of Cold War
- he wanted to stay neutral
why did Israel not like Egypt and Nasser
they encouraged Palestinian raids into Israel
quote to show the Israelis didn’t like Nasser
” who is he anyway, this Nasser shmasser” ~ Ben-Gurion
what did the Israelis want to do about Nasser
teach him a lesson or even remove him
what was the Israeli plan to teach Nasser a lesson
embarrass him militarily and make hi look weak
how did the Israelis embarrass Nasser
February 1955 they destroyed the Egyptian army headquarters in Gaza , killing 35 people
what as the reaction to the attack in Gaza
crowds ran riot for 3 days saying “give us arms”
how did Nasser react to the attack
- nasser made an arms deal with the soviets through Czechoslovakia to get arms in September 1955
- he trained and armed fedayeen guerrillas to carry out attacks in Israel
what was the Aswan dam
- a dam Nasser wanted to build on the river nile for hydro electricity and irrigation to catch up with the west
why did the west think they could control Nasser
- Nasser needed loans from America and Britain to build the Dam
how did Nasser show the west could not control him
in may 1956 he recognised communist china
what was the west’s reaction to Nasser recognising china
in July 1956, they canceled their loans for the Aswan dam hoping Nasser would co-operate or be removed by the Egyptian
