post 1948 war

Question 1

how did the Arab states feel after the defeat in 1949

Answer 1

• bitter and embarrassed and anti-western because they felt the use had bullied the UN into granting partition

Question 2

syria-israeli post war relations

Answer 2

• the Israelis tried to force out Arabs from the demilitarised zone between Syria and Israel and tried to divert water from the river Jordan to irrigate dry parts of Israel

Question 3

Jordan-israeli post war relations

Answer 3

King Abdullah was assassinated in 1951 and by 1953 his grandson hussein was king
- 1 million Palestinians who had lived on the West Bank (now part of Jordan) wanted to return
- there were reprisal raids as a response to raids into Israel

Question 4

and example of reprisal raids

Answer 4

October 1953, an Israeli woman and her 2 kids are killed in a raid into Israel and the Israeli forces attacked the Jordanian village of Qibya , blew up 45 houses and 50 + people died

Question 5

Egypt-israel post war relations

Answer 5

300000 Palestinians were now living in the Gaza Strip (Egyptian military zone), most of who had fled from Israel between 1947-9
-Palestinian fighter; Fedayeen, attack Jewish settlements because they want to go home
- many Palestinians in Gaza wanted to cross the border to visit family, graze animals, harvest crops, etc, but the Israeli defence forces (IDF) retaliated with reprisal raids

Question 6

how did Egypt feel about the loss

Answer 6

they were bitter

Question 7

why was Egypt an important Arab state

Answer 7

• it was the largest
• the bridge between Africa and Asia
• it had the Suez Canal

Question 8

why was the Suez Canal important to the British

Answer 8

• they had military bases in the east
• they needed oil supply from the Persian gulf

Question 9

why was the Suez Canal important to the British

Answer 9

• they had military bases in the east
• they needed oil supply from the Persian gulf

Question 10

how did the Egyptians feel about the British

Answer 10

• they didn’t want the 70000 troops in the Canal Zone because it felt like imperialism

Question 11

who did the military blame for the loss of the war

Answer 11

• king Farouk and the government
• the government for poor equipment and incompetent leadership

Question 12

who were the free officers

Answer 12

• a group of officers who came from poor backgrounds, but got an education and rose up the ranks

Question 13

what did the free officers want to do ?

Answer 13

• they wanted to overthrow the government

Question 14

when did the free officers overthrow the government

Answer 14

• July 1952

Question 15

why didn’t the Egyptians like king Farouk

Answer 15

• he divorced his popular Egyptian wife and spent a lot of time in resorts in the Mediterranean.

Question 16

how did the free officers overthrow the government

Answer 16

• took over key gov buildings and announced their success on the radio
• allowed king Farouk to flee

Question 17

who was the leader of the gov at first

Answer 17

neguib, but Nasser as the most powerful

Question 18

a quote that motivated Nasser

Answer 18

remember the real battle is in Egypt ~ dying friend in the 1948-9 war

Question 19

what 2 steps did Nasser believe were part of the battle

Answer 19

• removing the king
• removing foreign troops from Egypt to make it truly independent

Question 20

when did Nasser become president of Egypt

Answer 20

1954

Question 21

what did Nasser do as soon as he became president

Answer 21

• he persuaded the British to remove their troops

Question 22

why did the British and Americans agree to remove their troops

Answer 22

• they wanted Nasser as an anti-soviet ally In the Middle East because Egypt was the strongest and most developed Arab state

Question 23

what did Nasser want in terms of Cold War

Answer 23

• he wanted to stay neutral

Question 24

why did Israel not like Egypt and Nasser

Answer 24

they encouraged Palestinian raids into Israel

Question 25

quote to show the Israelis didn’t like Nasser

Answer 25

” who is he anyway, this Nasser shmasser” ~ Ben-Gurion

Question 26

what did the Israelis want to do about Nasser

Answer 26

teach him a lesson or even remove him

Question 27

what was the Israeli plan to teach Nasser a lesson

Answer 27

embarrass him militarily and make hi look weak

Question 28

how did the Israelis embarrass Nasser

Answer 28

February 1955 they destroyed the Egyptian army headquarters in Gaza , killing 35 people

Question 29

what as the reaction to the attack in Gaza

Answer 29

crowds ran riot for 3 days saying “give us arms”

Question 30

how did Nasser react to the attack

Answer 30

• nasser made an arms deal with the soviets through Czechoslovakia to get arms in September 1955
• he trained and armed fedayeen guerrillas to carry out attacks in Israel

Question 31

what was the Aswan dam

Answer 31

• a dam Nasser wanted to build on the river nile for hydro electricity and irrigation to catch up with the west

Question 32

why did the west think they could control Nasser

Answer 32

• Nasser needed loans from America and Britain to build the Dam

Question 33

how did Nasser show the west could not control him

Answer 33

in may 1956 he recognised communist china

Question 34

what was the west’s reaction to Nasser recognising china

Answer 34

in July 1956, they canceled their loans for the Aswan dam hoping Nasser would co-operate or be removed by the Egyptian