The Plantations Flashcards
What are the plantations
Irish land confiscated by the Crown and colonised by British settlers
What is the pale?
the area surrounding Dublin under the direct control of the English Crown
Who are the Gaelic Irish?
the Gaelic chieftains who followed Irish law, known as Brehon law
Who are the under takers?
men who undertook (agreed) to do as they were told with the land given to them
Who are loyal Irish?
native Irish who had stayed loyal to the Crown during the Nine Years War
What are penal laws
laws that suppressed the status of Catholics in Ireland
Name 3 results from the plantations
• English became the common language
• English customs and laws were introduced
•Crop farming began to take over from cattle farming
Who are the old English
Loyal to the English Crown, living in the Pale
Name 3 reasons for wanting to conquer Ireland
- Expand territory.
- Spread Protestantism.
- Spread English customs and prevent rebellions
What is surrender and regrant?
Lords would surrender themselves and their property to Henry VIII, who would then grant them their land back with an English title.
Was the Ulster plantation a success or failure?
The Ulster Plantation had both successes and failures, impacting Ireland in different ways.
✅ Spread of English & Scottish culture – Protestant settlers from England and Scotland introduced new farming methods, built towns, and spread the English language.
✅ Economic growth – Ulster became wealthier due to better farming, increased trade, and new industries like linen production.
✅ Stronger English control – The English government tightened its grip on Ireland, reducing Gaelic Irish influence and making English rule stronger.
❌ Resistance from the Gaelic Irish – Many Irish people lost their land, leading to resentment and frequent rebellions, such as the Nine Years’ War (1594–1603) and the 1641 Uprising.
❌ Religious Division – The Plantation worsened divisions between Protestants and Catholics, leading to future conflicts, including The Troubles in the 20th century.
❌ Uneven settlement – While some areas became more English, others remained Gaelic-dominated, meaning English rule was not fully successful everywhere.
The Ulster Plantation was a success in economic and cultural terms but failed politically. It caused long-term religious and political tensions that still affect Northern Ireland today.
