Life And Death In Medival Times

Question 1

When did the Middle Ages start and end

Answer 1

It started in 800 AD and ended in 1500 AD

Question 2

What was the feudal system

Answer 2

It was the system of land ownership where rulers divided amongst their followers in return for loyalty and taxes the followers were called nobles or vassals

Question 3

What were the nobles or vassals given in return for their loyalty

Answer 3

They were given land called fief

Question 4

What did the nobles or vassals swear to their king

Answer 4

They swore an oath of fealty

Question 5

What was the oath of fealty

Answer 5

It was promising to fight for him, provide him with troops and pay him taxes

Question 6

Where were the knights in the feudal system

Answer 6

The knights were below the nobles in the system the nobles gave them some land in return for protection

Question 7

Who did the knights look after

Answer 7

The knights looked after the peasants ( people who worked on a lords land)

Question 8

Why was a motte and Bailey built ?

Answer 8

He needed to build a castle to defend himself and his people from enemies they needed to build their castle quickly so they built a motte and Bailey castle quickly out of earth and wood

Question 9

What is a draw bridge

Answer 9

The drawbridge could be raised and lowered to control entry to the castle

Question 10

what is a keep

Answer 10

the keep was the main building inside the walls. It held the lords apartments, the great hall and chapel

Question 11

what is a tower

Answer 11

towers were built into the walls and it gave them protection

Question 12

what is a Bailey

Answer 12

The enclosed area and the keep was called the bailey. Here the stables, workshops, kitchen well water and soliders lodgings were situated

Question 13

What is a motte

Answer 13

A motte was a small artifical hill with a wooden tower or keep at the top of it

Question 14

what were the curtain walls

Answer 14

The curtain walls enclosed the castle and protected those inside

Question 15

what were the battlements

Answer 15

They ran along the top of the keep and the walls soliders would patrol along them day and night

Question 16

what did foot soliders fight with?

Answer 16

they fought with swords, daggers and spears and had sheilds for protection

Question 17

What did archers fight with

Answer 17

they fought with bows and arrows or sometimes longbows or crossbows they wore very little protective clothing

Question 18

what are the weapons of an English medival knight

Answer 18

The long sword, wooden lance with an iron tip, metal headed mace, battle axe and a dagger

Question 19

What did the knights wear?

Answer 19

They wore heavy armour made of metal

Question 20

What are the names of the 3 stages you have to go through to become a knight

Answer 20

A page, a squire and a knight

Question 21

What happened at the first stage as a page

Answer 21

At 7 a boy would be sent to live with another lord which was called fostering. he would learn how to use a sword and was taught manners

Question 22

What happened at the 2nd stage as a squire

Answer 22

At 14 he would learn to fight on horseback and accompany his lord into battle aswell as helping him dress for battles

Question 23

What happened at the final stage as a knight

Answer 23

At 21 he is eligble to become a knight. The night before the ceremony he would pray in a chapel. Then dressed in a white robe and full armour he took part in the ceremony of dubbing

Question 24

What were tournments good for?

Answer 24

Tournaments were a way for knights to practice for battle in between wars

Question 25

what was a melee?

Answer 25

It was a mass tournament where two teams of horsemen clashed in formation

Question 26

What was a joust

Answer 26

It was where two knights would charge eachother and try to knock of the other of their horse with a lance

Question 27

What was a manor

Answer 27

A manor was a smalll, like a village. It was equipped with a manor house, church and peasant houses

Question 28

Who was the baliff

Answer 28

the baliff kept law and order and collected tax

Question 29

How did they get their resources

Answer 29

There were fields for growing crops and commons for grazing aninals, a river and well for water and a woodland for wood

Question 30

who took the occupation of farming

Answer 30

peasants

Question 31

What system did they use to farm

Answer 31

The open field system

Question 32

How was the land diveded

Answer 32

The land for crops was divided into three huge fiels. each field was divided into long strips of land and tended by different families

Question 33

What was crop rotation

Answer 33

It meant that the crop planted in each field changed each year

Question 34

what were the two types of peasants

Answer 34

A freeman and a surf

Question 35

What was a freeman

Answer 35

A freeman had to pay rent to the lord and pay a tithe but did not have to work the land for free

Question 36

What was a surf

Answer 36

Serfs essentialy belonged to their lord. They worked six days a week farming

Question 37

what were the qualities of a serfs home

Answer 37

It had a single room with a wattle and doub walls, an earthen floor and a thatched roof. inside was cramped, dark and smoky from the fire

Question 38

What did the men and women wear in medival times

Answer 38

men wore tunics and leggings, while women wore long dresses with a head scarf their shoes were made from leather

Question 39

what did their diet consist of?

Answer 39

Their diet consisted of bread, cheese and vegetable and oat soup called pottage. They drank ale because it was safer to drink than water they rarely ate meat

Question 40

What were the punishments for crimes

Answer 40

The most common punishment was a fine or sometimes a thief could have their hands cut off or somtimes a ducking stool was used to punish women causing toruble by tying them to a chair and lowering them into the water reapitadliy

Question 41

what was a guild

Answer 41

each town formed guilds, organistaions of people who worked in the same tired

Question 42

how did someone become a master craftsmen?

Answer 42

A boy became an apprentice in his fathers workshop he recieved no pay and was treated harshly after seven years he became a journeyman now he could be paid for his work and travel to different workshops and towns for work. eventually he applied to become a master craftsmen. he created a masterpeice if the guild decided it was good enough he was accepetd

Question 43

how could you become a monk

Answer 43

at 15 he joined the monastery as a novice learned how to read and write in latin and studied church teachings he had to follow the stirct set of 73 rules of St Benedict the head monk of abot then decided if he was ready to become a mon k. He swore his oath of poverty, chasity and obiedince

Question 44

what was a tonsure

Answer 44

The crown of a monks head was shaved

Question 45

what did people in the middle ages believe was the reason for their sickness

Answer 45

they believed that they were sick because it was a punishment from god

Question 46

What did the fathers of medicine believe the body was made up of

Answer 46

Four humours, blood, black bile, yellow bile and Phlegm if a person was sick it meant there was an inbalance in one of these humours

Question 47

What were the three most common ilnesses

Answer 47

Typhoid, small pox and leprosy

Question 48

What did barbers also do aside from cutting hair

Answer 48

They used to carry out operations even tho they were unskilled

Question 49

What was the feudalism

Answer 49

The system of land ownership

Question 50

Who were peasants

Answer 50

People who worked on a lords land

Question 51

What was an open field system

Answer 51

A system of farming

Question 52

What was a tithe

Answer 52

The payment of 1/10 of the peasants annual income to the church

Question 53

What was the oath of chivalry

Answer 53

Sworn by a night to be loyal to his lords, protect the weak and poor and to be brave

Question 54

What was a charter

Answer 54

A contract whereby a town was granted freedom to run its own affairs but paid taxes to the king

Question 55

What was a guild

Answer 55

An organization of skilled people who worked in the same trade