the pertioneal cavity and liver homework questions Flashcards
The falciform ligament divides the liver into ___ and ____ lobes
RIGHT
LEFT
The falciform ligament connects the liver ____ surface with ____ abdominal wall
Anterior
Anterior
The falciform ligament is only seen sonographically in the presence of the____
Ascites
The ____ ____ attaches the liver to the diaphragm and anterior wall
Falciform ligament
The smooth fibrous capsule that covers the surface of the liver is called ____ ____
Gilssons capsule
The ___ ___ vein separates the left lobe from the right lobe of the liver
Middle hepatic
The ____ _____ vein separates the right lobe of the liver Into two segments
Right hepatic
The ____ ____ separates the left liver lobe into medial and lateral segments
Ligamentum teres
The main lobar fissure is identified my the middle hepatic vein superiorly and echogenic line between _____ and ____ ____ vein inferiority
Gallbladder
Right portal v.
The left portal vein gives off 2 branches ____ and ____
Medial
Lateral
The right portal vein gives off 2 branches ____ and ____
Anterior
Posterior
The portal vein is hepato____ and the hepatic vein is hepato_____
HepatoPETAL
hepatoFUGAL
Asparate aminotransferase ( AST) indicates liver cell ____ if increase
Necrosis
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) indicates liver cell necrosis if increased. are ____ present in a high tissue metabolic rate such as the liver. Elevated level can signify _____ diseases (cell Injury)
Enzymes
Hepeato-cellular
Accumulation of bilirubin can cause ____
Jaundice
Bilirubin is the breakdown product of ____ it is also an important substance that is detoxified in the liver
Hemoglobin
Prothrombin time (PT) is part of a blood clotting mechanism. Prolonged time signify liver cell ____ with a poor prognosis
Damage
Albumin and globulins are plasma proteins made by the liver . Decreased level signify liver ____ ____ (cirrhosis) . Their low levels are responsible for ____
Cell damage
Ascites
Alpha fetoprotein are enzymes found in liver, kidney , bone and placenta. It’s elevated in the presence of _____ carcinoma
Hepato-cellular
Gamma glutamyl transferase are enzymes found in the liver and an increased value indicates ____
Alcoholism
If Carcinembryonic Antigen (CEA) is elevated this may indicate primary or secondary ___ ____ ____
Cancerous liver tumors
The anterior border of the caudate lobe is the ligamentum ____
Venosum
The MPV is formed by the junction of the ___ vein and the ___ just posterior to the pancreas neck
Splenic
SMV
The portal veins enter the liver through the porta____
Hepatis
Normal diameter measurement for the portal veins are___ mm
13mm
Portal vein is hepato____
PETAL
The portal vein carries nutrient rich blood from the ___ ___
GI tract
Portal triad has three structures the ____ ____, ___ ____ and the ____ ____
Hepatic artery
Portal vein
Bile duct
The portahepatis ( portal confluence ) consist of ____ ___ and ____ ____ enter liver and ___ ___ exists liver
Portal vein
Hepatic artery
Bile duct
The ___ ____ is the only part of the liver not covered by peritoneum
Bare area
The liver had a hepatic ___ function and a _____ function
Metabolic
Detoxification
The ____ peritoneum lines the wall of the cavity and secrets 50ML of serous fluid which lubricated visceral surfaces which allow movement without friction
Parietal
____ peritoneum enveloped organs, except at the hilum where blood vessels nerves and lymph enter and exit the organ (bare area )
Visceral
The right posterior sub hepatic space is known as hepatorenal space (_____ _____)
Morrisons pouch
Morison pouch is located between ____ right liver lobe and right kidney
Posterior
The _____ _____ in the peritoneal cavity are left posterior subhepatic space, right subhepatic space ( Morrison pouch) and R and L para colic gutters soaces
Potential spaces
____ ____ disease affects the hepatic cells and interferes with liver function
Diffuse hepatocellular
____ ____ is the most common benign liver tumor. On ultrasound it appears as a well defined hypoechoic mass with smooth boarders
Cavernous hemangioma
The second most common benign liver tumor is ___ ____ ______
Focal nodular hyperplasia
Which benign liver tumor is made up of hepatocytes , Kupffer cells and fibrous connective tissue and bile duct element
Focal nodular hyperplasia
A liver lipoma may be composed entirely of __ cells or it can be mixed
Fat
To be able to confirm that a patient had liver lipoma a __ ___ can confirm
Ct scan
The most common liver malignancy is ____
Metastases
The more common sites for ____ cancer is the GI tract, breast and lung follows by the pancreas’s colorectal and ovaries
Metastatic
___ is used to help define the extend of the disease as it will show lesions that cannot be seen so clearly on a grey scale image
CEUS
For focal nodular hyperplasia _____ scaring is a clue word
Central
A__ is very linked to hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC)
AFP
Acute hepatitis in ultrasound shows the ____ _____ sign
Starry sky
Normal liver sonographic appearance is ___geneous, ___-echoic compared to the kidney ____
HOMOgeneous
HYPERechoic
Cortex
