the periodic table

Question 1

how are the elements arranged on the periodic table?

Answer 1

increasing atomic number

Question 2

what is the horizontal row of elements known as?

Answer 2

period

Question 3

what is the vertical column of elements known as?

Answer 3

group

Question 4

what kind of bonding do metals have?

Answer 4

metallic bonding exists in its elemental state

Question 5

what kind of bonding do metalloids have?

Answer 5

covalent bonding exists in its elemental state

Question 6

what kind of bonding do non-metals have?

Answer 6

covalent bonding exists in its elemental state

Question 7

do metals conduct electricity?

Answer 7

can conduct electricity at its elemental state

Question 8

do metalloids conduct electricity?

Answer 8

can conduct electricity at its elemental state

Question 9

do non-metals conduct electricity?

Answer 9

cannot conduct electricity at its elemental state

Question 10

what is the trend in metallic properties across the period?

Answer 10

tend to decrease

Question 11

what is the trend in non-metallic properties across the period?

Answer 11

tend to increase

Question 12

what is the trend in reactivity with water across the period?

Answer 12

decrease across the period

Question 13

what is the trend in oxides formed across the period?

Answer 13

strongly basic to amphoteric to strongly acidic

Question 14

what is the trend in solubility of oxides across the period?

Answer 14

decreases and then increases across the period

Question 15

what is a group?

Answer 15

vertical column of elements

Question 16

what do elements in the same group have in common?

Answer 16

same number of valence electrons

Question 17

what do similar valence electrons decide for elements?

Answer 17

the chemical properties are similar

Question 18

what are the elements in group i?

Answer 18

alkali metals

Question 19

what are the physical properties of alkali metals?

Answer 19

good conductors of heat and electricity + soft and malleable

Question 20

what is the trend down group i?

Answer 20

mp and bp decreases down the group, the density of elements increase, increase in atomic number and atomic radius (from lithium to caesium)

Question 21

why are alkali metals very reactive?

Answer 21

they only have one valence electron and thus make it very easy to lose an electron to gain a stable noble gas configuration

Question 22

why does the chemical reactivity increase down group i?

Answer 22

the outermost electron becomes increasingly further from the nucleus due to an increase in the number of electron shells from lithium to caesium, hence there is decreasing electrostatic attraction between nucleus and the outermost electrons, making it easier for removal of the valence electron

Question 23

what kind of oxidising agents are alkali metals?

Answer 23

powerful oxidising agents

Question 24

how do alkali metals react with cold water?

Answer 24

react vigorously with cold water to form soluble hydroxides and hydrogen

Question 25

what are group vii elements called?

Answer 25

halogens/salt producers

Question 26

what are the physical properties of halogens?

Answer 26

diatomic molecules + low mp and bp + colours intensify down the group + slightly soluble in water + very soluble in organic solvents

Question 27

why does chemical reactivity decrease down the group?

Answer 27

ability of the halogen to react depend on its ability to gain an electron and as atoms increase in size, the increasing number of electron shells screen the valence she’ll nuclear attraction thus making ionisation more difficult

Question 28

what is the trend down group vii in terms of mp/bp?

Answer 28

more energy taken in, mp/bp increases

Question 29

why does mp/bp increase down the grp?

Answer 29

as the mr increases, there is stronger Van Der Waals forces

Question 30

how do halogens react in displacement reactions?

Answer 30

a more reactive halogen can displace a less reactive halogen from solution of its salt