acids and bases

Question 1

what is an acid?

Answer 1

a substance that ionises or dissociates in water to produce hydrogen ions

Question 2

what kind of taste do acids have?

Answer 2

sour taste

Question 3

what color does acid turn litmus paper?

Answer 3

turn blue litmus paper red

Question 4

what color does acid turn universal indicator?

Answer 4

red/orange

Question 5

what pH does acid have?

Answer 5

less than 7

Question 6

why can acids conduct electricity?

Answer 6

there are mobile ions (H+) in the acid

Question 7

what is an alkali?

Answer 7

a soluble base that ionises in water to form hydroxide ions

Question 8

what is a base?

Answer 8

substances that react with acids to form salt and water only

Question 9

what kind of taste do alkalis have?

Answer 9

bitter taste and feel soapy

Question 10

what colour do alkalis turn litmus paper?

Answer 10

turn red litmus paper blue

Question 11

what colour do alkalis turn universal indicator?

Answer 11

blue or violet

Question 12

what pH do alkalis have?

Answer 12

greater than 7

Question 13

why can alkalis conduct electricity?

Answer 13

the presence of mobile ions (OH-) to act as mobile charge carriers

Question 14

how do acids react with bases in a neutralisation reaction?

Answer 14

acid + base -> salt + water

Question 15

how do acids react with carbonates?

Answer 15

acid + carbonate -> salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 16

how do acids react with metals?

Answer 16

acid + metal (reactive) -> salt + hydrogen

Question 17

why do acids only act like acids when it is dissolved in water?

Answer 17

when acid is dissolved in water, it dissociates to form hydrogen ions and behaves as an actual acid

Question 18

what does a concentration of an acid refer to?

Answer 18

the number of moles of acid dissolved in each litre/dm^3 of water

Question 19

what does the strength of an acid refer to?

Answer 19

extent of dissociation or ionisation of the acid molecule into ions when dissolved in water

Question 20

what does the basicity of an acid refer to?

Answer 20

refers to the number of H atoms in one molecule of acid that can be replaced by a metal

Question 21

how do alkalis/bases react with acids?

Answer 21

alkali/base + acid -> salt + water

Question 22

how do alkalis/bases react with ammonium salts?

Answer 22

alkali + ammonium salt -> salt + water + ammonia

Question 23

how do alkalis react with solutions of salts of many metals?

Answer 23

alkali + salt solution of metal A -> metal A hydroxide + salt of alkali

Question 24

what does the strength of an alkali depend on?

Answer 24

degree/extent of ionization

Question 25

what are acidic oxides?

Answer 25

oxides of non-metals and form acids in water

Question 26

how do acidic oxides react with alkalis?

Answer 26

acidic oxide + alkalis +-> salt + water

Question 27

what are basic oxides?

Answer 27

oxides of metals that are mostly insoluble in water while those that dissolve in water form alkalis

Question 28

how do basic oxides react with acids?

Answer 28

basic oxide + acid -> salt + water

Question 29

what are amphoteric oxides?

Answer 29

metallic oxides that can behave as acidic oxides or basic oxides and are insoluble in water

Question 30

how do amphoteric oxides react with both acids and bases?

Answer 30

amphoteric oxide + acid/base -> salt + water

Question 31

what are neutral oxides?

Answer 31

non-metallic oxides that exhibit neither basic nor acidic properties and are insoluble in water

Question 32

how do neutral oxides with both acids and alkalis?

Answer 32

they do not react with acids and alkalis

Question 33

which oxides are soluble in water to form alkalis?

Answer 33

group I oxides, calcium oxide, barium oxide

Question 34

what oxides are formed by metals?

Answer 34

basic oxide, amphoteric oxide

Question 35

what oxides are formed by non-metals?

Answer 35

neutral oxide, acidic oxide

Question 36

what is the solubility of amphoteric oxides?

Answer 36

insoluble in water