the pelvic girdle and muscles Flashcards
Unite 3 the abdomen and pelvis
What four bones make up the adult pelvis?
Sacrum
Coccyx
Right os coxae
Left os coxae
Which of the bones of the pelvis make up the pelvic girdle?
Ossa coxae (plural)
Os Coxa (singular)
What are two anatomical terms for what is commonly called the “hipbone”?
Os coxae
Innominate bone
With what features of the sacrum does the pelvic girdle articulate?
Left and right auricular (articular) surfaces
With what feature of the pelvic girdle does the head of the femur articulate?
Acetabulum
What is the largest and most superior of the three bones of the os coxae?
Ilium
What is the wing-shaped portion of the ilium?
Ala
What depression lies on the medial side of the ilium?
Iliac fossa
What features on the lateral side of the ilium are formed by the gluteal muscles?
Anterior, posterior, and inferior gluteal lines
What ear-shaped feature of the ilium articulates with the sacrum?
Auricular surface of the ilium
What is the superior ridge of the ilium?
Iliac crest
What is the anterior termination of the superior ridge of the ilium?
Anterior superior iliac spine
What is the posterior termination of the superior ridge of the ilium?
Posterior superior iliac spine
What features lies inferior to the ala of the ilium anteriorly and posteriorly?
Anterior inferior iliac spine
posterior inferior iliac spine
Through what part of the ilium does the sciatic nerve pass?
Greater sciatic notch
What is the most inferior bone of the os coxae?
Ischium
What is the prominent triangular projection of bone posterior to the acetabulum?
Ischial spine
What is the indent that is formed by the ischial spine?
Lesser sciatic notch
What rough projections of the pelvic girdle bear the weight of the body in the sitting position?
Ischial tuberosity
What portion of the ischium fuses with the pubis medially?
Ischial ramus
What is the most anterior of the three bones forming the os coxae?
Pubis
What part of the pubis articulates with the pubis on the opposite side of the body?
Body
What part of the pubis fuses with the ischium?
Inferior ramus
What part of the pubis originates at the anterior margin of the acetabulum?
Superior ramus
What opening in the os coxae is formed by the pubis and ischium?
Obturator foramen
With what feature of the pubis does the inguinal ligament attach?
Pubic tuberacle
What is the articulation between the bodies of the pubic bones?
Pubic symphysis
On what feature of the pubis does a comb-like muscle originate?
Pectineal line
What feature of the pelvis extends from the pubic crest, pectineal line, and arcuate line to the rounded inferior edge of the sacral ala and sacral promontory?
Pelvic brim
What portion of the pelvic cavity lies inferiorly and forms a deep bowl?
True pelvis
What portion of the pelvic cavity lies superiorly and is enclosed by the ala of the iliac bones?
False pelvis
What is the opening surrounded by the pelvic brim?
Pelvic inlet
What opening of the pelvic cavity is bordered by the coccyx, the ischial tuberosities, and the inferior border of the pubic symphysis?
Pelvic outlet
Sex differences in the pelvis
pubic angle
Identify psoas major
origin: transverse processes of L1-L5
insertion: lesser trochanter of femur
Action: Flexes hip. rotates thigh laterally. Flexes vertebral column
Identify Iliacus
Origin: Iliac fossa
Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur
Action: Flexes hip. Rotates thigh laterally
By what name are the iliacus and psoas major referred to after they pass deep to the inguinal ligament?
Iliopsoas
Identify Gluteus maximus
Origin: Iliac crest, dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx
Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial tract
Action: Extends hip. Rotates thigh laterally
Identify Gluteus medius
Origin: upper half of lateral surface of the ilium
Insertion: Lateral surface of greater trochanter
Action: abducts hip, rotates thigh medially
Identify Gluteus minimus
Origin: Lower half of lateral surface of ilium
Insertion: Anterior surface of greater trochanter
Action: Abducts hip, rotates thigh medially
Identify Piriformis
Origin: Anterior of the sacrum
Insertion: Superior border of greater trochanter
Action: laterally rotates extended hip and abducts flexed thigh