female perineum and reproductive system Flashcards
Unit 3: The Abdomen & Pelvis
What are the organs which produce gametes?
Primary sex organs (gonads)
testes
ovaries
What are those structures that are essential in caring for and transporting gametes and in women for the implantation and development of the fertilized egg?
Secondary (accessory) sex organs
What are the characteristics that are not essential for the reproductive process but are generally considered sexually attractant features?
Secondary sexual characteristics
What are structures that are derived from common developmental structures (primordial) and serve common functions in adults?
Homologues
What are the primary reproductive organs?
Gonads
ovaries
testes
What do primary reproductive organs produce
gametes
What are structures that carry gametes away from the gonads toward the site of fertilization or to the outside of the body?
Secondary (accessory) reproductive organs
What are three medical terms for sexual union?
Copulation
Coitus
Sexual intercourse
What is the diamond-shaped area of the pelvis that is between the thighs?
Perineum
What are the skeletal landmarks of the perineum?
Pubic symphysis
Ischial tuberosities
Coccyx
What is the anterior triangle of the perinerum
Urogenital triangle
What is the posterior triangle of the perineum?
Anal triangle
As the peritoneum folds around the various pelvic organs, it produces two major dead-end recesses or pouches. What is the anterior pouch formed between the uterus and the urinary bladder?
Vesicouterine pouch
As the peritoneum folds around the various pelvic organs, it produces two major dead-end recesses or pouches. What is the posterior pouch formed between the uterus and the rectum?
Rectouterine pouch
What are the primary sex organs of the female?
Ovaries
What are the accessory sex organs of the female?
Uterine tubes
Uterus
Vagina
Clitoris
Mammary glands*
Where are the ovaries located?
Within the pelvic cavity lateral to the uterus
What ligament of the uterus is a peritoneal drape over the uterus?
Broad ligament
What double fold of peritoneum attaches to each ovary at the hilum of the ovary and secures the ovary to the broad ligament?
Mesovarium
What is the rounded cord of fibrous and muscular tissue extending from each superior angle of the uterus to the inner extremity of the ovary of the same side?
Ovarian ligament
What structure attaches to the lateral edge of each ovary and projects superolaterally to the pelvic wall?
Suspensory ligament
What structures extend from both sides of the uterus toward the ovaries?
Uterine tubes (fallopian tubes, oviducts)
What structure surrounds the uterine tubes and anchors it to the broad ligament?
Mesosalpinx
What are the numerous fingerlike folds at the lateral marginn of the uterine tube?
Fimbriae
What is the free, funnel-shaped, lateral margin of the uterine tube?
Infundibulum
What is the longest, tapered portion of the uterine tube?
Ampulla
What is the distal, narrow portion of the uterine tube that attaches to the uterus?
Isthmus
What is the pear-shaped, thick-walled, muscular organ within the pelvic cavity of the female?
Uterus
What is the broad, curved, superior region of the uterus extending between the lateral attachments of the uterine tubes?
Fundus
What is the major, middle region of the uterus?
Body
What is the narrow transition zone of the uterus between the body and the cervix?
Isthmus
What is the narrow, inferior portion of the uterus that projects into the vagina?
Cervix
What is the internal opening of the cervix?
Internal os
What is the narrow channel within the cervix of the uterus?
Cervical canal
What is the opening of the cervical canal that empties into the vaginal canal?
External os
Collectively what are the muscles of the pelvic floor that support the uterus?
Pelvic diaphragm
What structures run from the lateral sides of the uterus, through the inguinal canal and attach to the labia majora?
round ligaments
What ligaments connect the uterus to the sacrum?
Uterosacral ligaments
What ligaments of the uterus run from the sides of the cervix and superior vagina laterally to the walls of the pelvis and restrict inferior movement of the uterus?
Transverse cervical ligaments
What ligament of the uterus is a peritoneal drape over the uterus?
Broad ligament
What artery supplies the uterus?
Uterine artery
What is the outer layer of the uterus?
Perimetrium
What is the thick, middle tunic of the uterus composed of smooth muscle?
Myometrium
What is the inner most tunic of the uterus?
Endometrium
What is the fibromuscular tube of the female reproductive system that serves as both the copulatory organ and the birth canal?
Vagina
What is the external opening of the vagina?
Vaginal orifice
Where is the vaginal orifice located?
Between the labia minora, also known as the “introitus”
What structure is formed by mucosal folds that project into the lumen of the vagina to form a vascularized, membranous barrier?
Hymen
What is the name of the small pair of glands posterior to the female urethra?
Paraurethral glands
Skene’s glands
What is the collective term for the external genitalia of the female?
Vulva
What is an expanse of skin and subcutaneous connective tissue immediately anterior to the pubic symphysis in the female?
Mons pubis
What are the paired, thickened folds of skin and connective tissue on the lateral sides of the female external genitalia?
Labia majora
What are the paired medial folds of skin and connective tissue of the female external genitalia?
Labia minora
What is the name of the small glands found on the posterolateral aspect of the vaginal opening?
Greater vestibular glands
What is the small erectile organ at the anterior part of the vulva? It is homologous to the penis?
Clitoris
