The oral and intestinal mucosal immune system

Question 1

What is the three major components of the mucosal immune system for both the oral and digestive tract?

Answer 1

epithelial layer
lamina propria
mucosal associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)

Question 2

what occurs in the lamina propria?

Answer 2

rich with vasculature, lymph vessels and immune cells, KEY for immune responses to occur

Question 3

what is MALT?

Answer 3

organized lymphoid follicles

peyers patches in intestines, tonsils and adenoids in oral

Question 4

what is found within the epithelial layer?

Answer 4

microfold cells (transfer antigens to APC)
tuff cells (chemosensors)
paneth cells (secrete antimicrobials)

Question 5

what does ILC1 become activated?

Answer 5

bacterial, viral and protozoal infection

Question 5

what are the major subsets of immune cells in the oral cavity?

Answer 5

ILC1 and ILC3

Question 6

What does ILC3 do?

Answer 6

produce IL 17 and 22 when bacterial and fungal infection

Question 7

what are peyers patches?

Answer 7

group of well organized lymph follicles in lamina propria

Question 8

what is the T cell responses n the lamina propria?

Answer 8

project dentdites into the epthelium to uptake antigens and migrate them peyers patch where they prime naive cells

Question 9

what helper t subsets are in peyer patches?

Answer 9

TH1, TH2, TH17, TH22, follicular helper T, regulatory T cells

Question 10

what produces the cytokine that is key in fighting the two major oral disease types?

Answer 10

Th17 and Tgd produce IK17

Question 10

what is in the parafollicular zone of peyer patches?

Answer 10

Tab

Question 11

what makes up a significant portion of innate like immunity cells in the oral and intestinal mucosa?

Answer 11

Tgd and NKT cells

Question 12

IgM can differentiate into what in the peyers patch follicles?

Answer 12

IgA secreting plasma cells

Question 13

what is IgA role in the complement system?

Answer 13

activates it through alternative and lectin path NOT classical

Question 14

where is IgA in the oral cavity?

Answer 14

salivary gland and saliva (resident IgA memory B lymph are abundant in germinal centers)

Question 15

what is important in tolerance of normal flora?

Answer 15

T reg and THF B
(THF B stim production of IgA antibodies which promotes the integrity of mucosal immunity)

Question 16

What is the primary function of T helper 17 (TH17) cells in mucosal immunity?
A) Mediating production of IgA antibodies
B) Secreting IL-17 to defend against fungal infections
C) acting as a down-regulator to ensure tolerance to commensal microbiota
D) Inducing differentiation of B lymphocytes into plasma cells
E) Acting as antigen-presenting cells

Answer 16

B) Secreting IL-17 to defend against fungal infections

Question 17

Which of the following statements about IgA in oral mucosal immunity is
CORRECT?
A) IgA activates the classical complement pathway.
B) IgA is secreted by Paneth cells in the mucosal epithelium.
C) IgA is primarily found in salivary glands and saliva in the oral cavity.
D) IgA+ memory B cells are absent in Peyer patches
E) IgA is involved in tolerating pathogenic microbes

Answer 17

C) IgA is primarily found in salivary glands and saliva in the oral cavity.