The Nervous System Flashcards
1
Q
What are the functions of the nervous system?
A
- senses: detects a change in a variable
- integrates: input is received, decision is made, command is sent out
- responds: effector organs respond
2
Q
What does the CNS include?
A
brain, spinal cord
3
Q
What does the PNS include?
A
peripheral nerves
4
Q
What are the 2 subdivisions of the PNS? Explain them.
A
- Afferent: consists of receptors and nerves carrying sensory info to CNS
- Efferent: consists of nerves carrying motor info from CNS to effectors
5
Q
What is found in gray matter?
A
cell bodies
6
Q
What is found in white matter?
A
axons
7
Q
What is the direction of an ascending path?
A
PNS to CNS
8
Q
What is the direction of a descending path?
A
CNS to PNS
9
Q
What are the 3 meninges?
A
- pia matter
- arachnoid matter
- dura mater
10
Q
What is the pia mater?
A
delicate inner layer adhering to the neural tissue
11
Q
What is the arachnoid mater?
A
middle layer with extending fibers
12
Q
What is the dura mater?
A
tough outer layer
13
Q
What are the 3 functions of the meninges?
A
- form protective wrappings
- carry nerve and blood vessels
- form spaces that hold fluids or fat
14
Q
What are the functions of cerebrospinal fluid?
A
- shock absorption
- supports brain
- aids in creating a stable chemical environment
- removes waste products
- transports nutrients and chemical signals
15
Q
What are the functions of the spinal cord?
A
- highway for ascending and descending tracts linking PNS and CNS
- integration (control center) for reflexes
