Introduction Flashcards
Define “Anatomy” and state the route meaning of the word
- It is the study of structure
2. the process of cutting
Define “Physiology” and state the route meaning of the word
- It is the study of function
2. Pertaining to the study of nature
Define “Homeostasis”
The existence of a constant stable internal environment distinct from the changing environment. A loss or imbalance results in disease.
List and define the organ system levels (5)
- Chemical: includes atoms, molecules, macromolecules, organelles
- Cell: is the structural and functional unit of life
- Tissue: is a group of similar cells that perform the same function
- Organs: are discrete structures composed of 2 or more tissues that perform a specific function
- Systems: are different organs that work together to accomplish a common task.
Define the “Regulatory Mechanism”
It is a response to a stimulus
Define “Stimulus”
It is a detected change in a variable
Define “Response”
It is the activity that occurs as a result of a stimulus
What are the 2 types of Regulatory Mechanisms? Define them.
- Negative feedback: the response corrects the stimulus (how homeostasis is achieved)
- Positive feedback: amplifies the stimulus
What is the “Integumentary System”? (organs involved and function)
Organs: Skin and appendages (hair, nails)
Function: a covering of the body that provides a protective barrier between external and internal environment.
also involved in regulating body temp, sensation, synthesis of vitamin D, and loss of NaCl
What are the organs involved in and the function of the skeletal system?
organs: bone, cartilage, ligaments, joints
function: support, shape, protection, movement, produce red blood cells, stores minerals
What are the organs involved in and the function of the muscular system?
organ: muscles
function: contraction (movement), heat production, posture, protection
What are the organs involved in and the function of the nervous system?
organs: brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves
function: control/ communication system that is fast acting
What are the organs involved in and the function of the endocrine system?
organs: glands
function: communication system that is slow acting.. chemicals called hormones are formed in glands and released into the blood stream
What are the organs involved in and the function of the cardiovascular system?
organs: heart, blood vessels, blood
function: connects respiratory, digestive and urinary systems with body cells so that the cells can receive nutrients and allow wastes to be removed
What are the organs involved in and the function of the lymphatic system?
organs: vessels, lymph, organs of the immune system (nodes, spleen, thymus, tonsil, appendix)
function: drain interstitial fluids preventing edema.. immune system: cells and antibodies that protect internal environments from infection
