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z - AQA GCSE Core Biology - Old spec > The Nervous System > Flashcards

The Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Your nervous system allows you to r________ to your surroundings

A

react

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2
Q

What is a stimulus?

A

A change in your surroundings

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3
Q

List examples of stimuli

A 
Light
Sound
Chemicals
Changes in position
Temperature
Pressure
Pain
Touch
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4
Q

What detects stimuli?

A

receptors

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5
Q

Where are receptors located in the human body?

A 
Tongue
Eyes
Ears
Nose
Skin
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6
Q

What is meant by the central nervous system?

A

The brain
Spinal cord
Neurones (nerve cells)

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7
Q

How is information sent around the body?

A

Electrical impulses

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8
Q

The gap between 2 nerve cells is called a

A

synapse

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9
Q

How are messages passed between neurones

A

By a chemical (neurotransmitter)

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10
Q

Why do we have reflex actions?

A

To protect us

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11
Q

Describe a reflex action

A

Fast

Automatic

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12
Q

Explain the stages involved in a reflex action when being stung by a bee.

A

Stimulus (pain)
Receptor (in skin)
Sensory Neurone (carries electrical impulse)
Relay Neurone (carries electrical impulse)
Motor Neurone (carries electrical impulse)
Effector (muscle in arm)
Response (muscle contracts moving arm)

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13
Q

Where in the body are light receptors found?

A

The eyes

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14
Q

Where in the body are balance receptors found?

A

The ears

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15
Q

Where in the body are sound receptors found?

A

The ears

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16
Q

Which two types of receptor do the ears contain?

A

Sound receptors

Balance receptors

17
Q

Which type of receptors does the tongue contain?

A

Chemical receptors

18
Q

Which type of receptors does the nose contain?

A

Chemical receptors

19
Q

Which type of receptors are found in the skin?

A

Pressure
Temperature
Pain

20
Q

A stimulus is detected by a

A

receptor

21
Q

A receptor passes an electrical impulse to a

A

sensory neurone

22
Q

A sensory neurone passes an electrical impulse to a

A

relay neurone

23
Q

A relay neurone passes an electrical impulse to a

A

motor neurone

24
Q

A motor neurone passes an electrical impulse to an

A

effector

25
Q

An effector can be either a _____ or a _____

A

muscle

gland

26
Q

Muscles and glands are both

A

effectors

27
Q

What is the response of a muscle?

A

It contracts

28
Q

What is the response of a gland?

A

It releases a hormone

29
Q

Explain what happens during a conscious action e.g. seeing a cat in the road and stepping on car brakes.

A

Stimulus - light reflecting off cat.
Receptors - in eyes detect light from cat.
Sensory neurone - carries electrical impulse to…
Central nervous system which carries an impulse to…
Motor neurone - carries impulse to…
Effector (muscle in foot)
Response - step on car brakes.

30
Q

What effect does alcohol have on the nervous system?

A

It slows it down.

z - AQA GCSE Core Biology - Old spec (24 decks)

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