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z - AQA GCSE Core Biology - Old spec > Fighting Disease > Flashcards

Fighting Disease Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a pathogen?

A

A microorganism that causes a disease

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2
Q

Name the 3 types of microorganism that can be pathogens.

A

Virus
Bacteria
Fungi

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3
Q

Which diseases are caused by a virus?

A

Flu
Measles
Mumps
Rubella

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4
Q

Which diseases are caused by a bacteria?

A

Salmonella (food poisoning)
Tonsillitis
Tuberculosis (TB)

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5
Q

How can pathogens spread?

A

Droplets
Animals
Food
Touch

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6
Q

How can the body prevent pathogens from entering

A 
Skin
Tears
Ear wax
Mucus
Stomach acid
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7
Q

What does the body produce if pathogens get inside it

A

White blood cells

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8
Q

Name 3 ways that white blood cells stop pathogens

A

Engulf and kill
Produce antibodies to kill
Produce anti toxins to stop toxins harming us

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9
Q

What do white blood cells produce to kill pathogens?

A

Antibodies

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10
Q

What do antibodies do?

A

Kill pathogens

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11
Q

What can viruses and bacteria produce to make us feel unwell?

A

Toxins

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12
Q

What do pathogens have which identifies them?

A

Antigens

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13
Q

White blood cells have a _________ which can remember how to make antibodies in case the pathogen ever comes back.

A

memory

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14
Q

What does an antitoxin do?

A

Stops toxins from making use feel unwell

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15
Q

Name some symptoms of being infected by a pathogen

A

Headache
Fever
Feeling sick

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16
Q

How do bacteria make us feel unwell?

A

Multiply rapidly

Release toxins

17
Q

How do viruses make us feel unwell?

A

Multiply inside cell damaging them

Release toxins

18
Q

What is a vaccination/immunisation?

A

An injection of dead/weakened pathogen which gives protection against the pathogen

19
Q

Describe the steps involved in vaccination/immunisation

A
  • Injection of dead/weakened pathogen
  • White blood cells produce antibodies to kill pathogen
  • White blood cells produce antitoxin to stop toxins harming
  • White blood cells remember how to kill it
  • Antibodies rapidly produced if the real pathogen infects you
20
Q

What can overuse of antibiotics lead to?

A

Resistant strains of bacteria

21
Q

Antibiotics do not work on…

A

viruses

22
Q

The ideal temperature to grow bacteria in a school is

A

25 degrees celsius

23
Q

Why would you not grow bacteria in a school above 25 degrees celsius?

A

Because you could grow pathogens

24
Q

Why do antibiotics not cure a cold/flu?

A

because cold/flu is caused by a virus

antibiotics do not work on viruses

25
Q

What can be given to ease the symptoms of flu?

A

painkillers e.g. paracetamol

z - AQA GCSE Core Biology - Old spec (24 decks)

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