The Nervous System Flashcards
recognizes and coordinates the body’s response to changes in its internal and external environments with the use of neurons
the nervous system
basic unit of structure and function of the nervous system
neurons (nerve cells)
spaces between neurons
synapse
soma
cell body
receives impulses and deliver them to the cell body
dendrites
extension of the neuron that carry impulses away from the cell body
axon
made up of Schwann cells and is the protective covering of the axon
myelin sheath
spaces between myelin sheath
nodes of ranvier
processes, interprets, stores information; issues orders to muscles, glands, organs
central nervous system
bridge between brain and peripheral nerves
spinal cord
transmits information to and from the CNS
peripheral nervous system
controls skeletal muscles
somatic nervous system
regulates glands, blood vessels, internal organs
autonomic nervous system
mobilizes body for action, energy output
sympathetic nervous system
conserves energy, maintains quiet state
parasympathetic nervous system
receives and processes sensory information
initiates responses
stores memories
generates thoughts and emotions
brain
conducts signals to and from brain
controls reflex arc
spinal cord
an involuntary response to a stimulus
no brain coordination
reflex arc
send message along sensory neurons to your spinal cord
nerve receptors
in your spinal cord. direct message to motor neurons
interneurons
messages travel to these nerves to cause the action
effector nerves
controls voluntary actions such as muscle movements in legs and arms
somatic nervous system
controls involuntary actions such as heartbeat
divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic
autonomic nervous system
prepares the body for stress
sympathetic nervous system
