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The Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

The endocrine system controls ________, _______, and ___________; maintains ______________.

A

growth
development
metabolism
homeostasis

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2
Q

part of the brain that links the endocrine and nervous systems

A

hypothalamus

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3
Q

the hypothalamus sends signals to the __________ to release or ________ hormone __________.

A

pituitary
inhibit
production

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4
Q

the “master” gland of the endocrine system

A

pituitary gland

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5
Q

the pituitary is stimulated by the ____________ when changes in _____________ are detected to produce ____________ and ____________ other glands.

A

hypothalamus
homeostasis
chemicals
stimulate

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6
Q

affects water retention in kidneys

A

antidiuretic hormone (ADH) aka vasopressin

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7
Q

helps regulate cortisol (stress hormone)

A

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

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8
Q

affects growth and development

A

growth hormone (GH)

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9
Q

promote ovulation and production of corpus luteum in females. stimulates production of testosterone in males.

A

luteinizing hormone (LH)

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10
Q

stimulates follicle development in the female cycle. stimulates sperm production in males.

A

follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

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11
Q

initiates uterine contractions and milk production

A

oxytocin

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12
Q

stimulates milk production

A

prolactin

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13
Q

stimulates the thyroid to produce thyroxine

A

thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

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14
Q

key hormones of the pituitary

A

antidiuretic hormone (ADH) aka vasopressin
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
growth hormone (GH)
luteinizing hormone (LH)
follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
oxytocin
prolactin
thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

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15
Q

releases melatonin during night hours to help with sleep

A

pineal gland

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16
Q

produces thyroxine, the main growth and metabolic hormone

A

thyroid

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17
Q

regulates calcium levels by producing PTH (parathyroid hormone)

A

parathyroid

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18
Q

produces hormones to promote healthy immune function (that is, production of T-cells)

A

thymus

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19
Q

the thymus produces hormones to ________ and ________ glands of the endocrine system for _______ and _________ development.

A

influence
assist
growth
sexual

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20
Q

prepare the body for stress by releasing hormones

A

adrenal glands

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21
Q

increases blood pressure, heart rate and oxygen intake

A

epinephrine (adrenaline)

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22
Q

stabilizes blood pressure, heart and oxygen rate

A

norepinephrine (noradrenaline)

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23
Q

composed of islets of langerhans which produces two important hormones: glucagon and insulin

A

pancreas

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24
Q

main hormones secreted in the pancreas

A

insulin and glucagon

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25
Insulin: - ______ blood sugar levels - produced in the _____ _____ of the pancreas - promotes the body to absorb _______ from ______. in the ______, the _________ is stored as _________.
lowers beta cells glucose blood liver glucose glycogen
26
Glucagon: - _____ blood sugar levels - produced in the _____ ____ of the pancreas - promotes the conversion of _______ to _______ which can now be absorbed by the _____.
raises alpha cells glycogen glucose blood
27
diabetes symptoms
thirst, hunger, frequent urination, fatigue, vision changes, slow healing wounds
28
who gets type 1 diabetes
juvenile diabetes
29
who gets type 2 diabetes
adult onset diabetes
30
who gets gestational diabetes
diabetes during pregnacy
31
cause of type 1 diabetes
beta cells are attacked by immune system
32
causes of type 2 diabetes
linked to poor diet and lack of exercise
33
causes of gestational diabetes
hormones block action of insulin
34
treatment of type 1 diabetes
treated with insulin injections
35
treatment of type 2 diabetes
treated by drugs or diet
36
treatment of gestational diabetes
usually goes away after pregnancy
37
secretes sex hormones such as estrogen and progesterone
ovaries
38
secretes sex hormones such as testosterone
testes
39
growth development metabolism homeostasis
The endocrine system controls ________, _______, and ___________; maintains ______________.
40
hypothalamus
part of the brain that links the endocrine and nervous systems
41
pituitary inhibit production
the hypothalamus sends signals to the __________ to release or ________ hormone __________.
42
pituitary gland
the "master" gland of the endocrine system
43
hypothalamus homeostasis chemicals stimulate
the pituitary is stimulated by the ____________ when changes in _____________ are detected to produce ____________ and ____________ other glands.
44
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) aka vasopressin
affects water retention in kidneys
45
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
helps regulate cortisol (stress hormone)
46
growth hormone (GH)
affects growth and development
47
luteinizing hormone (LH)
promote ovulation and production of corpus luteum in females. stimulates production of testosterone in males.
48
follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
stimulates follicle development in the female cycle. stimulates sperm production in males.
49
oxytocin
initiates uterine contractions and milk production
50
prolactin
stimulates milk production
51
thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
stimulates the thyroid to produce thyroxine
52
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) aka vasopressin adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) growth hormone (GH) luteinizing hormone (LH) follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) oxytocin prolactin thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
key hormones of the pituitary
53
pineal gland
releases melatonin during night hours to help with sleep
54
thyroid
produces thyroxine, the main growth and metabolic hormone
55
parathyroid
regulates calcium levels by producing PTH (parathyroid hormone)
56
thymus
produces hormones to promote healthy immune function (that is, production of T-cells)
57
influence assist growth sexual
the thymus produces hormones to ________ and ________ glands of the endocrine system for _______ and _________ development.
58
adrenal glands
prepare the body for stress by releasing hormones
59
epinephrine (adrenaline)
increases blood pressure, heart rate and oxygen intake
60
norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
stabilizes blood pressure, heart and oxygen rate
61
pancreas
composed of islets of langerhans which produces two important hormones: glucagon and insulin
62
insulin and glucagon
main hormones secreted in the pancreas
63
lowers beta cells glucose blood liver glucose glycogen
Insulin: - ______ blood sugar levels - produced in the _____ _____ of the pancreas - promotes the body to absorb _______ from ______. in the ______, the _________ is stored as _________.
64
raises alpha cells glycogen glucose blood
Glucagon: - _____ blood sugar levels - produced in the _____ ____ of the pancreas - promotes the conversion of _______ to _______ which can now be absorbed by the _____.
65
thirst, hunger, frequent urination, fatigue, vision changes, slow healing wounds
diabetes symptoms
66
juvenile diabetes
who gets type 1 diabetes
67
adult onset diabetes
who gets type 2 diabetes
68
diabetes during pregnacy
who gets gestational diabetes
69
beta cells are attacked by immune system
cause of type 1 diabetes
70
linked to poor diet and lack of exercise
causes of type 2 diabetes
71
hormones block action of insulin
causes of gestational diabetes
72
treated with insulin injections
treatment of type 1 diabetes
73
treated by drugs or diet
treatment of type 2 diabetes
74
usually goes away after pregnancy
treatment of gestational diabetes
75
ovaries
secretes sex hormones such as estrogen and progesterone
76
testes
secretes sex hormones such as testosterone

Health Science (14 decks)

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