The neck Flashcards
Compartments of the neck
Vertebral : contains the cervical vertebra and postural muscles
Vascular : blood vessels and the vagus nerve
Visceral : Thyroid, parathyroid, pharynx, larynx, trachea, Oesophagus
Musculofascial
What is the name of C1/C2
C1: ATLAS
C2: AXIS
What is the joint between c1 and c2?
Synovial pivot joint
Characters of cervical vertebrae?
There are 7
They have a short, bifid spinous process
What is c7?
Vertebra prominens
What curvature exist at the cervical vertebra part of the column?
Lordosis
What structure is specific to the cervical vertebrae?
The transverse foramen
what passes through the transverse foramen?
Vertebral arteries
The sympathetic nerve plexus
what joint is present between the occipital condyles and C1
Synovial ellipsoid
Borders of the anterior triangle of the neck
Superior: Inferior border of the mandible
Lateral: Anterior border of sternocleidomastoid
Medial: midline of the neck
What is contained in the anterior border of the neck?
- Suprahyoid muscles
- Infrahyoid muscle
- Common carotid artery
- IJV
- CR VII, IX, X, XI, XII
How is the anterior triangle of the neck further subdivided?
By the digastric and the omohyoid muscles into
- Submental
- submandibular
- carotid
- muscular
Submental triangle borders
Inferior: Hyoid bone
Medial: midline of the neck
Lateral: Anterior belly of digastric
Submandibular borders
Superiorly: Body of mandible
- Anterior: anterior belly of digastric
- Posterior: posterior belly of digastric
Borders of the carotid triangle
- Superior: posterior belly of digastric
- Lateral: medial border of sternocleidomastoid
- Inferior: Omohyoid
Borders of the muscular triangle
Superior: hyoid bone
Medial: midline of neck
Supero-laterally: omohyoid
Infero-laterally : sternocleidomastoid
Contents of submental triangle
submental lymph nodes
contents of submandibular triangle
submandibular lymph nodes
Facial artery
Contents of carotid triangle?
- common carotid triangle
- IJV
- Hypoglossal nerve
- Vagus nerve
Muscular contents?
infra hyoid muscle
Borders of the posterior border of the neck?
Anterior:
Posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid
Posterior:
Anterior border of the trapezius muscle
Inferior:
middle 1/3rd of clavicle
Contents of the posterior border of the neck?
- Omohyoid
- EJV
- Subclavian vein
- Distal part of subclavian artery
Attachment point of the sternocleidomastoid?
- Manubrium of the sternum
- Mastoid process of the temporal bone
- Clavicle
Action of the sternocleidomastoid?
- Head tilt to the same side of contraction
- Face rotation to the opposite side of contraction
- Lateral neck flexion
Action of the trapezium
- Movement of the scapula when the spinal attachments are still : Elevates, depresses and retract the scapula
- Movement of the spine when the scapula are still: Rotates the glenoid joint
which cranial nerve innervates the sternocleidomastoid and the trapezius
The accessory spinal nerve
