The Muskularskelital System Flashcards
what is apart of the axial skeleton?
skull
thorax
vertebral column
what is apart of the appendicular skelliton?
bones of the limbs
pictorial
pelvic girdles
what are the classifications of bone types?
flat bone long bone short bone irregular bone sesemoid bone
what is the charicteristics of the flat bone?
flat
smooth
what are some examples of flat bones?
skull
sternum
ribs
what are the charicteristics of the long bone?
long slender
what are examples of the long bone?
legs
finger
toes
what are the charicteristics of the irregular bone?
irregularly shaped
what is the examples of an irregular bone?
vertebra
pelvic bones
skull bones
what is a sesemoid bone?
small flat
what is an example of a sesemoid bone?
the patella
what is the epiphysis? where can it be found on a long bone?
expanded aria at top and bottom of the bone
what is the metaphysis and where can it be found?
zone between epiphysis and diaphysis
where can you find the diaphysis?
shaft
what kind of bone is found in the epiphysis?
spongy bone
what are the two main charicteristics of the trabecular bone?
struts and plates
what kind of bone is found in the epiphysis?
spongy trabecular bone
where is compact bone found?
in the diaphysis
what is the muddulery cavity?
cavety in dialysis of the bone
what can be found int he muddulery cavety?
yellow and red bone marrow
what do osteoblasts do?
creat bone matrix
bone production of called the process of…
ossification
what a re osteocytes?
develope from osteoblasts have become completely surrounded by bone matrix
what is an osteocyte?
mature bone cells that maintain bone matrix
what does an osteocyte do?
secreat chemical that dissolves adjacent bone matrix and then the released minerals enter the blood
where do osteocytes hollow?
in the lacunae
what is the canaliculi? and what does it do?
narrow passages penetrate the matrix to reach vascular passage ways and to interconnect other lacunae
t=what is the lamellae?
thin layers matrix / thin plate
what do osteoclasts do?
remove bone matrix
how many nuclei do osteoclasts have?
over 50
are osteoclasts related to the rest of the osteons?
no
what do osteoclasts resemble in other structures?
monocytes and macrophages which is a kind of stem cell
what is the name of the concentric layers within compact cortical bone?
concentric lamellea
where do the concentric lamellae lead?
the the centeral canal
why do the lamellae reside horizontally?
to help with pressure on the bone
means the bone does not bend
where is trabecular bone orientated?
along stress lines
how does nutrients reach the trabecular bone?
diffusion of neutrience
what is difference and circumferential lamellae?
not apart of the concentric lamellae
what’s is the interstitial lamellae?
space between osteons filled in
How does the diameter of the bone enlarge?
appositional growth
if bone is being added to the outer surface through apositional growth, what is happeneing to the medullary cavity?
it is increasing in size due to osteoclasts removing bone matrix from the inside of the medullary cavity
what are the two structures within the periosteum?
fibrous outer layer
cellular inner layer
where is the periosteum found?
on the outside of compact cortical bone
what does the endosteum do with compact and spongy bone?
lines the muddulery cavity
covers trabeculae of spongy bone
what cells are involved with the endosteum?
simple flattened osteogenic cells
