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Anatomomy And Physiology > The Muskularskelital System > Flashcards

The Muskularskelital System Flashcards

1
Q

what is apart of the axial skeleton?

A

skull
thorax
vertebral column

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2
Q

what is apart of the appendicular skelliton?

A

bones of the limbs
pictorial
pelvic girdles

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3
Q

what are the classifications of bone types?

A 
flat bone
long bone
short bone
irregular bone
sesemoid bone
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4
Q

what is the charicteristics of the flat bone?

A

flat

smooth

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5
Q

what are some examples of flat bones?

A

skull
sternum
ribs

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6
Q

what are the charicteristics of the long bone?

A

long slender

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7
Q

what are examples of the long bone?

A

legs
finger
toes

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8
Q

what are the charicteristics of the irregular bone?

A

irregularly shaped

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9
Q

what is the examples of an irregular bone?

A

vertebra
pelvic bones
skull bones

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10
Q

what is a sesemoid bone?

A

small flat

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11
Q

what is an example of a sesemoid bone?

A

the patella

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12
Q

what is the epiphysis? where can it be found on a long bone?

A

expanded aria at top and bottom of the bone

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13
Q

what is the metaphysis and where can it be found?

A

zone between epiphysis and diaphysis

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14
Q

where can you find the diaphysis?

A

shaft

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15
Q

what kind of bone is found in the epiphysis?

A

spongy bone

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16
Q

what are the two main charicteristics of the trabecular bone?

A

struts and plates

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17
Q

what kind of bone is found in the epiphysis?

A

spongy trabecular bone

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18
Q

where is compact bone found?

A

in the diaphysis

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19
Q

what is the muddulery cavity?

A

cavety in dialysis of the bone

20
Q

what can be found int he muddulery cavety?

A

yellow and red bone marrow

21
Q

what do osteoblasts do?

A

creat bone matrix

22
Q

bone production of called the process of…

A

ossification

23
Q

what a re osteocytes?

A

develope from osteoblasts have become completely surrounded by bone matrix

24
Q

what is an osteocyte?

A

mature bone cells that maintain bone matrix

25
Q

what does an osteocyte do?

A

secreat chemical that dissolves adjacent bone matrix and then the released minerals enter the blood

26
Q

where do osteocytes hollow?

A

in the lacunae

27
Q

what is the canaliculi? and what does it do?

A

narrow passages penetrate the matrix to reach vascular passage ways and to interconnect other lacunae

28
Q

t=what is the lamellae?

A

thin layers matrix / thin plate

29
Q

what do osteoclasts do?

A

remove bone matrix

30
Q

how many nuclei do osteoclasts have?

A

over 50

31
Q

are osteoclasts related to the rest of the osteons?

A

no

32
Q

what do osteoclasts resemble in other structures?

A

monocytes and macrophages which is a kind of stem cell

33
Q

what is the name of the concentric layers within compact cortical bone?

A

concentric lamellea

34
Q

where do the concentric lamellae lead?

A

the the centeral canal

35
Q

why do the lamellae reside horizontally?

A

to help with pressure on the bone

means the bone does not bend

36
Q

where is trabecular bone orientated?

A

along stress lines

37
Q

how does nutrients reach the trabecular bone?

A

diffusion of neutrience

38
Q

what is difference and circumferential lamellae?

A

not apart of the concentric lamellae

39
Q

what’s is the interstitial lamellae?

A

space between osteons filled in

40
Q

How does the diameter of the bone enlarge?

A

appositional growth

41
Q

if bone is being added to the outer surface through apositional growth, what is happeneing to the medullary cavity?

A

it is increasing in size due to osteoclasts removing bone matrix from the inside of the medullary cavity

42
Q

what are the two structures within the periosteum?

A

fibrous outer layer

cellular inner layer

43
Q

where is the periosteum found?

A

on the outside of compact cortical bone

44
Q

what does the endosteum do with compact and spongy bone?

A

lines the muddulery cavity

covers trabeculae of spongy bone

45
Q

what cells are involved with the endosteum?

A

simple flattened osteogenic cells

Anatomomy And Physiology (6 decks)

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