The Muscular Skeletal System

Question 1

What bones make up the shoulder joint?

Answer 1

Clavicle

Humerus

Scapula

Question 2

What bones make up the hip joint?

Answer 2

Femur

Pelvis

Question 3

What bones make up the ankle joint?

Answer 3

Tibia

Fibula

Talus

Question 4

What bones make up the knee joint?

Answer 4

Femur

Tibia

Fibula

Question 5

What bones make up the elbow joint?

Answer 5

Humerus

Radius

Ulna

Question 6

Describe a ball and socket joint.

Answer 6

This joint allows movement in every direction. It is formed by the round head of one bone fitting into the cup-shaped capsule of the connecting bone.

Question 7

Describe the hinge joint.

Answer 7

This joint only allows movement in one direction.

Question 8

What are the three planes of movement?

Answer 8

Sagittal plane

Frontal plane

Transverse plane

Question 9

What are the three-axis of movement?

Answer 9

Sagittal axis

Transverse axis

longitudinal axis

Question 10

Which planes and axis are linked together?

Answer 10

Saggital plane - Transverse axis

Frontal plane - sagittal axis

Transverse plane - longitudinal axis

Question 11

What joint action occurs in the sagittal plane around the transverse axis?

Answer 11

Flexion - when there is a decrease in the angle around a joint

Extension - when there is an increase in the angle around a joint

Hyperextension - increasing the angle beyond 180 degrees between the bones and joints.

Plantar flexion - Pointing the toes

Dorsi-flexion - pulling the toes up to the shins

Question 12

What joint action occurs in the frontal plane around the sagittal axis?

Answer 12

Adduction - Movement of a limb towards the body’s midline

Abduction - movement of a limb away from the body’s midline

Question 13

What joint action occurs in the transverse plane around the longitudinal axis?

Answer 13

Horizontal abduction - movement of a limb forwards while it is held parallel to the ground

Horizontal adduction - movement of a limb backwards while it is held parallel to the ground

Question 14

Define the terms agonist and antagonist.

Answer 14

Agonist - The muscle that is responsible for the movement that is occurring.

Antagonist - the muscle that works in opposition to the agonist.

Question 15

What are the agonist and antagonists working during the upwards phase of a bicep curl?

Answer 15

Agonist - Bicep (it is shortening because it is contracting)

Antagonist - tricep (it is working in the opposite direction and is relaxing)

Question 16

Describe concentric contraction.

Answer 16

When a muscle shortens under tension.

Question 17

Describe eccentric contraction.

Answer 17

When a muscle lengthens under tension or acts as a break.

Question 18

What are the two types of isotonic contraction?

Answer 18

Concentric and eccentric.

Question 19

What is an isometric contraction?

Answer 19

This is when a muscle contracts without lengthening or shortening (no movement occurs). An example of this is the crucifix position in gymnastics.