The Middle Ages Flashcards
What were the names of the castles
Motte and bailey , stone castles
What is a mottle and Bailey ?
It’s is a temporary castles where lords lived before they built their permanent stone castles. A motte was a small hill with a wooden tower or a kelp at the top and below the hill was a large enclosed area where the solider lived surrounded by high wooden fences or a moat/ditch this was called the bailey
What are the parts of a stone castle ?
Curtain walls. , a keep , dungeons , battlements , towers/turrets , bailey , gatehouse , drawbridge , portcullis
Were wee castles often built?
On hills or beside rivers
What were the lords duties ?
The lords duties were to maintain order in his lands , act as a judge and train soldiers
What did the lord do for leisure time ?
Hunting , hawking and held tournaments featuring mock battles and jousting contests
Where were the ladies duties ?
Ladies were married young and they marriages were arranged. Their money was given to the man. Ladies main duty was to have children
What did men wear ?
Long tunics + trousers of fine wool or linen. Clothes that were embroidered or dyed in vivid colours showed off the wearers wreath. The richest nobles/lords wore silk brought for Asia
What were the 3 main stages of becoming a knight ?
Foots soldiers , archers , knights
What is a knight ?
Knights were a minor nobles who fought on horseback and swore an oath of chivalry. They wore full body armour
What were the 2 ways for a man to become a knight ?
-if a foo solider showed exceptional bravery on the battlefield , he could be knighted by a lord
-howler that was very rare and the main ways as a three -stage process followed by the sons of nobles
What were the stage of becoming a knight called ?
Stag 1 - page
Stage 2 - squire
Stage 3 - knight
What was stage 1 of becoming a knight ?
Age 7 , fostered by another family , learns to ride a horse , suing a sword , sing and dance , taught manors , how to help the lady of the castle , how to serve the lord and lady at the table
What was the 2 stage of becoming a knight ?
Age 14 , learns to fight on horseback , accompanies the lord in battle , looks after the lords horse
What was the 3 stage of becoming a knight?
Age 21 , become a knight , spends the night before the ceremony in prayer in the Chapel , dressed in white robe , ceremony called dubbing. He swore and oath o chivalry
Knight now has his own manor to run
What is the oath of chivalry ?
To stay loyal to his lord , protect the poor and weak and be brave in battle
Where were towns built and why ?
They were built on rivers or on the coast so that the people oiled make money form trade
What was a charter ?
It was a contract where the town was granted freedom to run its own affairs but had to pay taxes to the king
What did a town contain ?
Church / cathedral , fair green , Main Street , narrow street , high walls , stone gates
Wat building were made out of stone ?
Church /cathedral and town hall and richer peoples homes
Where did craftsmen have their shops or workshops ?
They had them on the ground floor of their house
What was curfew?
A curfew was when people had to extinguish their fires at sundown
What was a guid ?
The craftsmen of each town formed a guilds , it was an organisation of pope who worked in the same trade
What did the guilds do ?
A guild set standards or the quality of members work and you could be fined for substandard work , they set prices and wages , decided who could trade un the town and cared for the old and sick members and the families of dead members
What was the Black Death ?
It was the worst disease to affect Europe in the Middle Ages (the 14th century ). It was extremely contagious. Once infected , people had a 70-80% chance of dying within a week
