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Reproductive System > The Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

The Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

Label Structures 1-6

A
  1. Seminal Vesicle
  2. Vas Deferens
  3. Prostate
  4. Ejaculatory Duct
  5. Bladder
  6. Urethra
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2
Q

What is the function of the semineferous tubule?

A

Key for spermatogenesis

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3
Q

Describe the microstructure of the testes

A
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4
Q

What is a hydrocoele?

A

An accumulation of serous fluid within the tunica vaginalis of the testes

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5
Q

What is the function of Leydig cells and where are they found?

A
  • Cells found in the interstitial tissue that surrounds semineferous tubules
  • synthesise sex testosterone
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6
Q

What are sertoli cells and where are they found?

A
  • cells essential for facilitating progression of germ cells to spermatazoa
  • Found within seminepherous tubules
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7
Q

What is the main arterial supply of the testes?

A

Testicular artery that arises from the abdmonial aorta

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8
Q

Describe the venous drainage of the testes

A
  • Panpiniform plexus surrounds the testes
  • Splits into right and left testicular vein
  • Right testicular vein drains direct to IVC
  • Left testicular vein drains to left renal vein then to IVC
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9
Q

How does the panpiniform plexus cool the testicular blood?

A

Panpiniform plexus surrounds the testicular artery removing heat

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10
Q

Which testicle sits lower?

A

Usually the left

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11
Q

Where does testicular lymph drain to?

A

Para-aortic lymph nodes

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12
Q

Where does lymph of the scrotum drain to?

A

Inguinal lymph nodes

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13
Q

What is Bell-Clapper Deformity? What does this put a male at risk of?

A
  • Where the tunica vaginalis is attached innapproptiately high resulting in the teticle being in a transverse orientation within the scrotum
  • Allows the testes to spontaneously twist in spontaneously in the spermatic cord
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14
Q

What is the function of the gubernaculum?

A

An embryonic cord that connects the caudal end of th testis to the scrotum to guide the testes through the abdominal wall

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15
Q

Broadly speaking, what does the spermatic cord contain?

A
  • 3 fascial layers
  • 3 arteries
  • 3 veins
  • 3 nerves
  • The Vas deferens
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16
Q

What are the 3 fascial layers of the spermatic cord?

A
  • External Fascia
  • Cremasteric Fascia
  • Internal Fascia
17
Q

What are the 3 arteries in the spermatic cord?

A
  1. Testicular artery
  2. Cremasteric artery
  3. Artery to the Vas
18
Q

What are the 3 veins in the spermatic cord?

A
  1. Pampiniform plexus
  2. Cremasteric Vein
  3. Vein to Vas
19
Q

What are the 3 nerves of the spermatic cord?

A
  1. Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve
  2. Vas sympathetic innervation
  3. Iliolinguinal nerve
20
Q

What are the different zones of the prostate gland?

A
  • Transitional Zone (surrounding urethra)
  • Peripheral zone
  • Central zone
21
Q

What is BPH, what zone of the prostate does it affect and how does this relate to its clinical symptoms?

A

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

  • tends to affect transitional zone
  • transitional zone surrounds urethra so enlargement will affect urination
22
Q

In which zone of the prostate gland do prostate cancers usually affect, what is the clinical significance of this?

A
  • Prostate cancers tend to affect peripheral zone
  • May not affect urinary flow as not surrounding the urethra
  • Masses can be palpated through the rectum
23
Q

What are the 3 accessory glands of the male reproductive system and what do they secrete?

A
  1. Seminal Vesicles → Alkaline fluid, fructose, prostaglandins, clotting factor
  2. Prostate gland → Proteolytic enzymes
  3. Bulbourethral (Cowper’s gland) → mucus secretion with glycoproteins
24
Q

What are the two tissue types of the penis?

A
  1. Corpus Cavernosum- a pair of tissues which is the main erectile tissue
  2. Corpus Spongiousum- through which the urtethra travels
25
Q

Which branch of the autonomic nervous system controls vasodilation of the penile arterioles?

A

Parasympathetic stimulation

26
Q

Which branch of the autonomic nervous system controls ending an erection?

A

Sympathetic Innervation

27
Q

What is the tunica albuginea of the penis?

A

A fibrous white membrane that surrounds the corpus spongiousum and corpus cavernosum, holding the penis in the correct position

28
Q

where does the penis take its blood supply from?

A

Internal pudenal vein and artery

29
Q

What is a ‘fractured’ penis?

A
  • Ruptured tunica albuginea
  • Can be caused by ‘very vigorous’ sex

Reproductive System (18 decks)

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