the lymphatic system - 11.1 Flashcards
what is lymph?
it is a watery fluid that flows through your lymphatic system. Found in your lymphatic vessels.
lymphatic system:
- does not have a pump
- low pressure
- one way system of vessels
- blinded ended capillaries
- transports lymph
- fluid filtered by lymph nodes.
cardiovascular system:
- has a pump
- high pressure
- forms a circuit
- fluid filtered by spleen
- transports blood.
how does lymph flow through the lymphatic system?
Compression of the tissues and lymphatic vessels by muscular action or massage increases the movement of lymph from lymphatic capillaries toward the heart.
how is lymph returned to the lymphatic system?
lymphatic ducts return lymph to the blood at the junction of the internal jugular veins and subclavian veins on either sides of the body.
where are the lymphoid organs located?
the tonsils are located inferior the the nose superior to the chin
the thymus gland is located superior to the heart,
what are the functions of the lymphatic organs?
most filter a specific body fluid
What do innate and adaptive mean as they apply to the immune system?
What do nonspecific and specific mean as they apply to the immune system?
How do the skin, mucous membranes and their secretions protect the body from infection?
Can you link the cardinal signs of inflammation with the inflammation flow chart?
How do the following protect the body from infection: inflammation, fever, phagocytes, natural killer cells, complements and interferons?
How do B and T lymphocytes develop from stem cells?
How do primary and secondary humoral immune responses differ?
What are active and passive, naturally and artificially acquired humoral immunity?
How do the following components of the third line of defense protect the body from infection: B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, memory cells, plasma cells, cytotoxic T cells, helper T lymphocytes, antibodies and cytokines?
What are the immune functions of lymphocytes, natural killer cells, macrophages and neutrophils?
where are the lymph nodes located and what is their function?
- located in the cervical axially and inguinal regions
- filters and starts immune responses to pathogens in interstitial fluid/lymph
what is the mucosa associated lymphatic tissue function?
it traps and starts immune responses to pathogens in the respiratory and digestive tract
where is the spleen located and what are its functions?
The spleen is located posterior to the stomach
- it filters and starts immune responses to pathogens in the blood
- it recycles old red blood cells
where is the thymus located and what is its function?
the thymus is located deep to the sternum and its function is where T lymphocytes mature
where are the tonsils located and what are its function?
- there are five located in the pharynx
- it filters and starts immune responses to pathogens in fluids of the nose and mouth.
what is another role of the lymphatic system?
draining tissue fluid
your lymphatic system consists of three main parts, what are they?
- lymph
- ducts
- nodes
What are lymphocytes?
lymphocytes are a type of white blood cells, they are found in, and mature in, the loose reticular connective tissue that makes up a large part of the nodes and most of your other lymphoid organs.
how does your lymphatic system support cardiovascular function?
by collecting, filtering, and returning interstitial fluid back into the blood stream via a system via a system of lymphatic vessels.
what is the difference between lymphatic ducts and lymphatic nerves?
- lymphatic duct collects excess fluid from the body’s tissues and returns it to the bloodstream.
- lymphatic notes filter substances that travel through lymphatic fluid, such as damaged cells, bacteria, and other foreign bodies. Lymph nodes contain (white blood cells) that help the body fight infection and disease.
innate defences:
protective tissues, cells, processes, and chemicals that you are born with
adaptive defences:
protective cells, chemicals and processes that develop in response to contact with pathogens.
nonspecific defences:
protective tissues, cells, processes, and chemicals that are the same no matter what pathogen is present.
specific defences:
protective cells, processes and chemicals that respond to particular pathogens.
first line of defence:
- skin
- mucous membranes
- secretions of skin and mucous membranes
second line of defence:
- phagocytic leujocytes
- antimicrobial proteins
- inflammatory response
- fever
third line of defence:
- lymphocytes
- antibodies
- memory cells.
