The Lymphatic System

Question 1

What are the three functions of the Lymphatic System?

Answer 1

Fluid Recovery, Immunity, Lipid Absorption

Question 2

What are the Components (make up) of the Lymph. System?

Answer 2

1. Lymph
2. Lymphatic Vessels
3. Lymphatic Tissue
4. Lymphatic Organs

Question 3

What is the order of the Lymphatic System?

Answer 3

Lymphatic Capillaries -> Collecting Vessels -> Trunks, 2 collecting ducts-> subclavian vessels

Question 4

What are the organs of the lymphatic system?

Answer 4

Red bone marrow, thymus, lymph nodes, tonsils, and the spleen.

Question 5

What are the Primary organs?

Answer 5

Red Bone Marrow and Thymus.

Question 6

What are the secondary organs?

Answer 6

Spleen, Nodes, and Tonsils

Question 7

What is the 1st line of defense?

Answer 7

Anything that keeps something from entering the body. Ex. Skin

Question 8

What is the 2nd line of defense?

Answer 8

Pathogens that fight anything that breaks THROUGH the skin. Ex. Leukocytes and fever.

Question 9

What is the 3rd line defense?

Answer 9

Destroy pathogens but also remember those pathogens.

Question 10

What is natural immunity?

Answer 10

Something you are born with. Comes from mothers Breast Milk.

Question 11

What is known as the erythrocyte graveyard?

Answer 11

The spleen

Question 12

Lymphatic capillaries in the small intestine are called?

Answer 12

Lacteals

Question 13

What lines of defense are we born with?

Answer 13

First and second

Question 14

Which T cells are the only cells that attack and kill other cells? What chemicals do they use for termination?

Answer 14

Cytotoxic T (Tc). Perforin/granzymes, interferons, tumor necrosis factor.

Question 15

What four cells are involved in cellular immunity?

Answer 15

Cytotoxic cells (Tc), Helper T (Th) cells, Regulatory T (Tr) cells, and Memory T (Tm) cells.

Question 16

What is an antigen?

Answer 16

Triggers an immune response.

Question 17

What is humoral immunity?

Answer 17

The use of antibodies to tag pathogens that will later be killed.

Question 18

What is cellular immunity?

Answer 18

Cellular immunity involves Lymphocytes that directly kill cells.

Question 19

What is the purpose of inflammation?

Answer 19

1. limit spread
2. remove debris
3. intiate tissue repair

Question 20

Signs of swelling include:

Answer 20

redness, swelling, heat, and pain.

Question 21

What is the complement System?

Answer 21

a group of 30 or more globulins that make powerful contributions to both innate and adaptive immunity.

Question 22

What are the functions of the complement system?

Answer 22

1. Inflammation
2. Immune Clearance
3. Phagocytosis
4. Cytolysis

Question 23

What is Lymph?

Answer 23

Usually a clear, colorless fluid, similar to blood plasma but low in protein. Can sometimes be milky looking after eating because of the lipids.

Question 24

What is the structure of the lymphatic vessels?

Answer 24

Tunica Interna - inner layer
Tunica Media - middle layer, smooth muscle
Tunica Externa - outer layer

Question 25

What is the cisterna chyli and what is it’s purpose?

Answer 25

located in the abdomen. Collects fatty intestinal lymph (chyli) after meals.

Question 26

What are the three Lymphatic cells and their puposes?

Answer 26

• NK (Natural Killer) cells- attack bacteria and host cells that have become infected.
• T Lymphocyte (T cells ) - Mature in thymus and rely on thymic hormones.
• B Lymphocytes (B cells) - secrete antibodies and are found in mature Bone Marrow.