The Lymphatic System Flashcards
What are the three functions of the Lymphatic System?
Fluid Recovery, Immunity, Lipid Absorption
What are the Components (make up) of the Lymph. System?
- Lymph
- Lymphatic Vessels
- Lymphatic Tissue
- Lymphatic Organs
What is the order of the Lymphatic System?
Lymphatic Capillaries -> Collecting Vessels -> Trunks, 2 collecting ducts-> subclavian vessels
What are the organs of the lymphatic system?
Red bone marrow, thymus, lymph nodes, tonsils, and the spleen.
What are the Primary organs?
Red Bone Marrow and Thymus.
What are the secondary organs?
Spleen, Nodes, and Tonsils
What is the 1st line of defense?
Anything that keeps something from entering the body. Ex. Skin
What is the 2nd line of defense?
Pathogens that fight anything that breaks THROUGH the skin. Ex. Leukocytes and fever.
What is the 3rd line defense?
Destroy pathogens but also remember those pathogens.
What is natural immunity?
Something you are born with. Comes from mothers Breast Milk.
What is known as the erythrocyte graveyard?
The spleen
Lymphatic capillaries in the small intestine are called?
Lacteals
What lines of defense are we born with?
First and second
Which T cells are the only cells that attack and kill other cells? What chemicals do they use for termination?
Cytotoxic T (Tc). Perforin/granzymes, interferons, tumor necrosis factor.
What four cells are involved in cellular immunity?
Cytotoxic cells (Tc), Helper T (Th) cells, Regulatory T (Tr) cells, and Memory T (Tm) cells.
What is an antigen?
Triggers an immune response.
What is humoral immunity?
The use of antibodies to tag pathogens that will later be killed.
What is cellular immunity?
Cellular immunity involves Lymphocytes that directly kill cells.
What is the purpose of inflammation?
- limit spread
- remove debris
- intiate tissue repair
Signs of swelling include:
redness, swelling, heat, and pain.
What is the complement System?
a group of 30 or more globulins that make powerful contributions to both innate and adaptive immunity.
What are the functions of the complement system?
- Inflammation
- Immune Clearance
- Phagocytosis
- Cytolysis
What is Lymph?
Usually a clear, colorless fluid, similar to blood plasma but low in protein. Can sometimes be milky looking after eating because of the lipids.
What is the structure of the lymphatic vessels?
Tunica Interna - inner layer
Tunica Media - middle layer, smooth muscle
Tunica Externa - outer layer
What is the cisterna chyli and what is it’s purpose?
located in the abdomen. Collects fatty intestinal lymph (chyli) after meals.
What are the three Lymphatic cells and their puposes?
- NK (Natural Killer) cells- attack bacteria and host cells that have become infected.
- T Lymphocyte (T cells ) - Mature in thymus and rely on thymic hormones.
- B Lymphocytes (B cells) - secrete antibodies and are found in mature Bone Marrow.
