Enzyme Digestion Flashcards
Which peptides are involved in short-term regulation of appetite?
Ghrelin
Peptide YY
Cholecystokinin (CCK)
Examples of carbohydrates?
glucose
sucrose
glycogen
The essential nutrients include:
most vitamins
8 of the amino acids
all minerals
What are dietary fibers?
the fibrous materials of plants and animals that resist digestion.
Which vitamins are fat soluable?
A
K
D
E
What term refers to nutrients that the body needs but is incapable of synthesizing in adequate amounts?
Essential Nutrients
What are types of dietary fiber?
pectin and cellulose
are vitamins necessary for metabolism?
yes
Which are examples of important proteins in the body?
enzymes
keratin
hemoglobin
Cholesterol is a major structural component of ______.
plasma membranes
Which process yields a net gain of 2 ATP per glucose molecule?
Glycolysis
Which type of macromolecule includes membrane receptors, pumps, ion channels, and cell-identity markers?
proteins
Name some lipids?
cholesterol
triglycerides
phospholipids
The maximum number of ATP generated by the complete aerobic oxidation of one molecule of glucose is ______.
32
What is glycogenolysis?
Breakdown of glycogen to release glucose
Which term refers to the synthesis of glucose from noncarbohydrates such as glycerol and amino acids??
gluconeogenesis
Which term refers to the hydrolysis of glycogen to release glucose or glucose 1-phosphate?
Glycogenolysis
Which term refers to the synthesis of glycogen by polymerizing glucose?
Glycogenesis
Protein synthesis is stimulated by?
Growth hormone, thyroid hormones, and insulin
What part of the brain controls body temperature by initiating heat-conserving or heat-loss mechanisms.
hypothalamus
What produces most of your body heat?
exergonic chemical reactions like ATP use and nutrient oxidation
Where is alcohol absorbed at in the body?
stomach 10% and small intestine 90%
Alcohol is detoxified by the hepatic enzyme?
alcohol dehydrogenase
Alcohol effects the:
nervous system, liver, and digestive system.
NS- inhibits the release of norepineohrine and disrupts GABA receptors.
Liver- inflammation and unable to produce urea.
DS- breaks down the protective membrane and tight junctions causing bleeding and gastritis.
