The Lower Leg Flashcards
Review: What are the names of the 4 compartments of the leg?
- Superficial Posterior
- Deep Posterior
- Lateral
- Anterior
What are possible MOI’s for a Peroneal tendon sublux/dislocation and what signs/symptoms would be associated with it?
Many dynamic forces being applied to the ankle or a blunt force to the poterior lat. malleolus or mod/sev. inversion ankle sprain.
The peroneus longus tendon can “snap” over the lateral malleolus without the peroneal retinaculum, causing pain and instability.
What are the main differences between acute & chronic Compartment Syndrome?
Acute Compartment Syndrome is usually a result of extreme trauma and classified as a medical emergency.
Chronic compartment syndrome is not considered an emergency. Symptoms arise during peak activity.
What is Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome?
Considered to be inflammation of the periostium along the distal third of the tibia, when stress fractures and compartment syndrome are not present.
Also known as “shin splints” which is a blanket term used to describe all pain which could include stress fractures and compartment syndrome.
Caused by repetitive microtrauma and a lot of the same causes of tendonitis.
Achilles Strain V rupture: Etiology & S/S
Strains (1st+2nd deg):
Common in sports, excessive dorsiflexion and can occur at any age
Rupture (3rd degree):
Severe muscular issue and loss of function. Usually a history of chronic inflammation
Both occur with sudden stop and go motions.
Common S/S:
- Point tenderness @ injury site
- Severe cases, a pop can be heard
- Positive Thompson test
- Severe cases will have a physical defect
What are the 4 compartments of the Lower Leg, and what are their muscle functions?
1) Lateral Compartment:
- Eversion of ankle
2) Anterior Compartment:
- Dorsiflexion of ankle
- Inversion of ankle
- Extension of toes
3) Superficial Pos. Compartment
- Plantarflexion of ankle
4) Deep Pos. Compartment
- Plantarflexion of ankle
- Flexion of toes
- Inversion of the ankle
