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Micro Exam 4 > The LIst Exam 4 > Flashcards

The LIst Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Adenovirus

A

Linear, double stranded DNA
Non-enveloped
Usually respiratory infection… colds (can cause rash, conjunctivitis, gastroenteris)
Birds, humans, mammals

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2
Q

Human papillomavirus

HPV

A

DNA
Infects skin and mucous membranes
30% of people have it… most common viral STD

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3
Q

Smallpox Virus

A 
Variola virus 
Double stranded DNA
Enveloped and uneveloped	Skin rash and blisters of skin, mouth, throat. 
Eradicated through vaccines 
Airborne transmission (droplets)
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4
Q

Vaccinia virus (cowpox)

A

Enveloped
Linear double stranded DNA
Cowpox
Used to eliminate smallpox

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5
Q

Herpes simplex virus

HSV1/2 or HHV1/2

A 
Double stranded linear DNA 
Enveloped
	Oral herpes: sores in mouth
90% of people in US have contact by age 50
can be dormant… lessions last 2-3 weeks
no cure
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6
Q

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

A

DNA viruses

Can cause lytic (latent) infections
Genus of Herpesvirus

Species that infects humans is human CMV

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7
Q

Hepatitis B virus

A

Partially double stranded DNA and circular

Very small genome
Spread through blood and sexual contact

Abdominal pain, dark urine, yellowing of skin, nausea, loss of appetite, joint pain

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8
Q

Rhinovirus

A 
Single stranded positive RNA 
Non-enveloped 	
Aerosolized or direct contact
Cold infections 
Late summer and late spring
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9
Q

Norovirus

A 
ssRNA, (-) strand
non-enveloped	
Person to person, foodborne, waterborne
Extremely infectious 
Vomiting and diarrhea, nausea, cramps, chills, headache, fever half the time
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10
Q

Measles Virus

A 
ssRNA (-)
enveloped
Morbillivirus 
	Just humans, no animals
Respiratory system: fever, coughm runny nose, rash
Very contagious: coughing and sneezing
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11
Q

Mumps Virus

A 
Rubulavirus 
ssRNA (-)
enveloped
	Childhood disease: swelling of parotid and salivary glands
High morbidity 
Deafness
Vaccine-preventable
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12
Q

Dengue Fever

A 
ssRNA (+)
enveloped
	Mosquito borne
4 serotypes, all cause disease
fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, skin rash like measles
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13
Q

West Nile Virus

A 
ssRNA (+)
enveloped 
same family as dengue and yellow fever
	Mosquito borne 
Fever, headache, rash, swollen lymph glands, stiff neck, paralysis
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14
Q

Yellow Fever Virus

A 
ssRNA (+)
	Decreased number of neutrophils
Blood in urine and feces
Liver dysfunction 
Jaundice
Starts like minor flu
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15
Q

Ebola Virus

A

ssRNA (-)
enveloped
Hemorrhagic fever
High fatality

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16
Q

Hantavirus

A 
ssRNA (-) enveloped	
Haemorhagic feverl with renal syndrome
Rodents
Aerosolization and rodent bites
Pneumonitis, congestion,
17
Q

Rabies Virus

A 
ssRNA (-)
Enveloped	
Salvia of animals 
Travesl acros PNS quickly to CNS\
Spread to organs… projectile salivation 
Death after 2 years to 5 days
18
Q

Influenza Virus

A 
Usually ssRNA (-), sometimes double 	
Spread through air from cough/sneeze
19
Q

Merkel cell polyomavirus

A

dsDNA
non-enveloped
Human tumor viruses: cause 80% of Merkel cell carcinoma
Limitied sun exposure can prevent virus

20
Q

Human immunodeficiency

virus (HIV)

A

ssRNA (+)

Causes AIDS

21
Q

Rotavirus

A 
dsRNA 
sometimes enveloped	
Resistant to hand washing
Children
Diarrhea
Lots of yearly deaths
22
Q

Hepatitis C virus

A 
ssRNA (+)
enveloped	
Can occur with Hep B
Many also have a chronic infection 
Attacks liver 
Usually asymptomatic… can have fever, poor appetite, tired feeling
23
Q

Epstein Barr virus (EBV or

HHV4)

A

dsDNA
enveloped
Only humans
Infectious mononucleosis: fever, sore throat, tonsillitis,
Cause disease by lysis of host cell or latency cycle

24
Q

Kaposi’s sarcomaassociated
herpesvirus
(KSHV or HHV8)

A

dsDNA
Herpesvirus family
Causes cancer (Kaposis sarcoma), esp in AIDS patients
Castlesman’s disease
Cancer virus
Primary effusion lymphoma
Infection though to be lifelong, but can be kept in check if healthy person
Most don’t show symptoms unless immunocompromised

25
Q

Varicella zoster virus (VZV

or HHV3)

A

dsDNA
enveloped

Chicken pox!
Also shingles

26
Q

Severe acute respiratory

syndrome (SARS) virus

A 
ssRNA (+)
enveloped	
Muscle pain, headache, fever then 
Coughm dyspnea, pneumonia
Decreased lymphocytes in blood
9% die
27
Q

Chikungunya virus

A 
ssRNA (+)
enveloped	
Sudden fever for a week to 10 days
Joint pain and stiffness (weeks to years)
Rash, muscle pain, inflammation of eyes
Can be chronic
28
Q

Middle East Respiratory

Syndrome (MERS) virus

A

ssRNA (+)
From bats, camels: can be transmitted human to human?
Fever, cough, shortness of breath

29
Q

Enterovirus D68

A

ssRNA (+)
non-enveloped
POLIO: fever, sore throat, headache, vomiting, stiffness of back/neck/limbs
No animals, just human
Enters through mouth, multiplies in intestine
Summer time in temperate
Children under age 5

Micro Exam 4 (8 decks)

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