The Limbic System Flashcards
functional anatomy of limbic system
Homeostasis
Olfaction
Memory
Emotion
smell by what structure
olfactory cortex
memory by what structure
hippocampal formation
emotions and drives by what structure
amygdala
homeostasis by what structure
hypothalamus
pathway of olfaction
Olfactory receptor neurons Olfactory Nerves Olfactory Bulb Mitral Cells/Tufted Cells Olfactory Tract Olfactory Cortex Anterior Olfactory Nucleus
limbic system forms a ring around what
corpus callosum
5 anatomical structures of memory
prefrontal cortex amygdala medial temporal lobe hippocampus cerebellum
memory involving the sequence of events, but not the events themselves
prefrontal cortex
encodes emotional aspects of memories
amygdala
encodes and transfers new explicit memories to long-term memory (2)
medial temporal lobe
hippocampus
memories involving movement
cerebellum
formed by infolding of temporal lobe into lateral ventricle
hippocampus
hippocampus function
storage
greek for “seahorse”
hippocampus
how memory is formed: Papez circuit
fibers from hippocampal formation –> fornix –> synapse at mammillary bodies –> thalamus (anterior thalamic nucleus)
Papez circuit structures and pathways
hippocampus –> fornix
mammillary body –> mammillothalamic tract
anterior thalamic nuclei –> thalamocingular tract, internal capsule
cingulate gyrus –> cingulohippocampal fibers
hippocampus
Establishes a connection between information stored in the unconscious and conscious behavior.
Papez circuit
3 types of memory
declarative
procedural (non-declarative)
emotional
facts, events, concepts, locations
declarative
how to memory
non-declarative (procedural)
feelings memory
emotional
conscious, explicit and cognitive memory is what type?
declarative
3 stages of declarative memory
immediate
short term
long term
Procedural memory
• Implicit memory
• Recall of skills and habits.• Nonconscious memory
what type?
non declarative memory
Produces changes in performance withoutconscious awareness.
If you practice it enough, you can perform it well.
What type of memory?
non declarative
practice required to store procedural memories
what type?
non declarative memory
3 stages to learn motor skill
cognitive
associative
autonomous
Beginner trying to understand task and find out what works
– Verbally guide movements
“coach”
cognitive
Refining movements selected as most effective
Less variation and less dependent on cognition
“trial and error”
associative
Movements automatic
Multitasking
autonomous
utilized for describing the
terrain, companions on ride, weather.
- bike riding memory
declarative
used to
help keep the rider on the bikewithout falling
- bike riding memory
procedural
Patient H.M.:
Surgical procedure performed to remove bilateral _________ _________ lobes to include the _________ formation.
medial temporal
hippocampal
what happened to patient H.M. post surgery?
He could remember things from before the surgery like addresses but nothing after like if he had just met someone 30 mins ago.
patient H.M. has what disorder?
severe explicit/declarative memory disorder
When given the same logical puzzle to solve for several days in a row, H. M. was able to
solve the puzzle more quickly each day.
this shows what?
explicit memory depends on the temporal lobes,
implicit does NOT
Inability to recall information stored prior to insult
retrograde amnesia
Inability to store new information after an insult
anterograde amnesia
Damage to the hippocampus would result in the inability to…..?
but the ability toremember the skills of implicit
memories
form new explicit memories
amygdala means what in Greek?
almond
3 main nuclei of amygdala
corticomedial (cortical)
basolateral
central
olfactory functions
- which amygdala nuclei?
corticomedial
attach emotional significance to stimuli
- which amygdala nuclei?
basolateral
mediates emotional responses
- which amygdala nuclei?
central
Emotions and drives
– Is involved in all four limbic lobe functions
amygdala
what ties emotion and memory?
amygdala
