the liberal reforms ~ meet the needs/effective Flashcards
introduction - expand
b: before 1906 ‘laissez-faire’
b: introduced reforms 1/3 pov
factors….
lofa…..
- the government adopted the policy of laissez faire, esssentially meaing the poor must help themselves & seek work at the stigmatising workhouse.
- reforms introduced in 1906 as B+R found statistical proof that citizens were suffering in pov so these were to ease pov e.g.
- this essay will analyse if the liberals were Q of young, old & sick
- ☹️did not meet needs/ ineffective
young - part 1
1) what was introduced in 1906, entitling children to….
2) why was this good in helping young?
3) why was this actually rather limited to helping the young?
free school meals act
k- 1 free meal per day
a- it provided children with one nutritious meal a day, imrpoving their over health and their performance in school. 1914 - 14 million yearly 158,000 children recieving
a+ - not provided during holidays or at weekends so any progress made to restoring health was likely to have been lost as parents could no afford to feed them. also by 1911 then than 1/3 of local authorities were providing them so many children did not get this help.
old
1) what was introduced in 1908, entitling elders to….
2) why was this good in helping old?
3) why was this actually rather limited to helping the old?
4) evaluation for the old: even though 😊……☹️
old age pensions
k- entitled elders who were 70+ earning less than £31.50 a year to 25p, couples 35p
k- applicable: british & lived in UK for last 20 yrs, no trouble with police in the past 10 yrs. [able to collect from the post office so no stigma was associated with it.]
a- it gave elders the money they required to stay out of poverty and around 1 million people claimed the pension by 1914. also in 1st year 80,000 ppl stopped claiming poor relief from charities< proves it helped
a+ - average age to stop working was 55, yet could not claim pensions until 70 which was 15 yrs later showing the many yrs ppl had to suffer before they could claim pension, which was sometimes too late to help/ provide real support
ev- it removed the fear of going to the workhouse and gave elders a sense od dignity limited/failed as labour MP’s criticised the reform for falling below the estimated income by Rowntree of 25p to stay above the pov line, showing that it was not enough to keep individuals out of poverty
young- part 2 (includes EV)
1) what was introduced in 1907, entitling children to….
2) why was this good in helping young?
3) why was this actually rather limited to helping the young?
4) evaluation for the young: even though 😊……☹️
medical inspections act
k- provided children with 3 compulsory medical inspections in their whole school career, checking for TB & rickets
a - was good as without these illnesses and infestations would have been undetected and children would have been unaware. found that 80% of girls in liverpool were infested with bugs, fleas and lice.
a+ - they would only inspect and not treat, only if it was a contagious disease would they recieve treatment. more often than not the suffering children’s parents were too poor to afford treatment from a doctor so the children were left to suffering.
ev- by 1906 3 million meals were provided annually limited/failed as by 1912 only 50% of councils were providing them. children still hungery due to poverty of parents until made complusory in 1914.
sick
1) what was introduced in 1911, entitling the sick to….
2) why was this good in helping sick?
3) why was this actually rather limited to helping the sick?
4) evaluation for the sick: even though 😊……☹️
national insurance act part 1
k- entitled to people aged 16-60, earling less then £160 annually
k- contributory scheme which workers paid 4p into, employers paid 3p and govt paid 2p. worker recieved 9p in benefits
a- good as those who were covered got free medical treatment from doctors and were given the appropriate treatment to mame the lives of the sick better. 15 million workers were covered by this and would recieve 10s for 26 weeks if off with sickness
a+ - however, for the last 13 weeks of sickness the benefit was dropped to 5 shllings and it only covered the workers not their families; no matter how poorly they were showing they were ineffective/ limited because supporting an ill uninsured family member over a long period could put a family into poverty.
ev- ppl recieved life saving treatment and women recieved 30 shillings of maternity grants they failed as the scheme was self-contributory at 4p weekly, all workers paid the same no matter their economic background, so individuals who were in poverty faced a massive wage cut that they may never benefit from, showing limited in meeting needs of sick because paying into this resulted in the continuation of poverty cycle for many.
conclusion
lofa
summary of ev for young, old & sick
lofa
Y- by 1906 3 million meals annually limited/failed as by 1912 50% of councils were providing them. children still hungry, until complusory in 1914
O- removed workhouse fear and dignity but failed fell below rowntrees 25p; needed to stay above pov line
S- life saving treatments & 30s maternity grants failed self-contributory - all paid the same no matter economic stance, individuals in pov faced large wage cut paying into reform they would never benefit from and worsened their pov.
