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Fundamentals of Instruction SDE > The Learning Process Part 1 - ATP Flight School > Flashcards

The Learning Process Part 1 - ATP Flight School Flashcards

1
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Define learning.

A

A change in behavior as a result of experience.

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2
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

What is learning theory?

A

A body of priniciples that attempts to explain how people learn.

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3
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

What are the two main learning theories?

A

Behaviorism and cognitive theory

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4
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

What is behaviorism?

A

Human behavior is based on observable and measurable responses to stimuli. External view of learning.

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5
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

What is cognitive theory?

A

Human behavior is based more on a person’s thought process, cognition, and decision-making than external stimuli. Internal view of learning.

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6
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

What is a perception?

A

An observation of the world through the five senses, and the meaning a person gives to that sensation.

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7
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

What factors affect perception?

A

Physical organism, goals and values, self-concept, time and opportunity, and element of threat.

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8
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Give an example of how the physical organism can affect perception.

A

A student with poor hearing will have a reduced ability to perceive their surroundings.

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9
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Give an example of how goals and values affect perception.

A

If a student doesn’t believe that a lesson will help them achieve their goals, they may not focus their attention or energy to observe and learn the content.

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10
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Explain how self-concept affects perception.

A

A student whose experiences build their self-image remains open to more experiences. A student with a negative self-image may think that they aren’t capable of learning or doing something, and may give up before they even try.

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11
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Give an example of how time and opportunity affect perception.

A

A student who has only seen one landing hasn’t had enough opportunity to percieve or learn the maneuver.

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12
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Explain how element of threat affects perception.

A

A student will focus all their senses on whatever is scaring them, instead of using the senses to observe the maneuver being taught.

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13
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Define insight.

A

Insight is the grouping of perceptions into meaningful wholes.

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14
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

How can an instructor facilitate student insight?

A

By pointing out the relationship of perceptions to the lesson being taught.

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15
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Define knowledge.

A

Information that humans are consciously aware of and can articulate.

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16
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

What are the three phases of acquiring knowledge?

A

Memorization, understanding, and concept learning.

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17
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Describe memorization.

A

When a student acquires knowledge by memorizing facts and steps in a procedure.

18
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Describe understanding.

A

When a student notices similarities and makes associations between facts and procedural steps, organizes knowledge in useful ways, and begins to apply the memorized information.

19
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Describe concept learning

A

When a student groups objects, events, and ideas that share attributes that set them apart, which helps simplify detailed facts into general concepts.

20
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

List the laws of learning.

A

Readiness, effect, exercise, primacy, intensity, recency

21
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Describe the law of readiness.

A

Students must see the reason for learning something in order to be motivated to learn.

22
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Describe the law of effect.

A

Learning is impacted by a student’s emotional response to the experience. Pleasant and positive feelings enhance learning, whereas negative and frustrating feelings detract from learning.

23
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Describe the law of exercise.

A

Connections are strengthened with practice. This is where the “use it or lose it” concept comes from.

24
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Describe the law of primacy.

A

A student’s first experience will create a strong, almost unshakable impression, which is why instructors should teach correctly the first time.

25
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Describe the law of intensity.

A

Immediate and exciting experiences that engage multiple senses are more effective for learning than boring experiences.

26
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Describe the law of recency.

A

The things most recently learned are the easiest to remember.

27
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

What are the domains of learning?

A

Cognitive, affective, and psychomotor.

28
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Describe the cognitive domain.

A

The cognitive domain involves thinking and learning new information or concepts.

29
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

What are the four levels of learning in the cognitive domain?

A

Rote, understanding, application, and correlation.

30
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Describe rote knowledge.

A

The ability to repeat something back which was learned, but not understood.

31
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Decribe understanding.

A

Comprehending the nature or meaning of something.

32
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Describe application.

A

Putting something to use that has been learned.

33
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Describe correlation.

A

Associating what has been learned and applied with previous or subsequent learning.

34
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Describe the affective domain.

A

The affective domain addresses a student’s emotions and attitude toward the learning experience.

35
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Describe the psychomotor domain.

A

The psychomotor domain is skill-based and includes physical movement, hand-eye coordination and muscle memory.

36
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

List the four general characteristics of learning.

A

Learning is purposeful, a result of experience, multifaceted, and an active process.

37
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

When is learning purposeful?

A

When the student understands how the material is going to help them achieve their personal goals.

38
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

How is learning a result of experience?

A

A student must be exposed to information or action before learning is possible, as well as mentally or physically engage in the learning process.

39
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

How is learning multifaceted?

A

Students will learn more than what the instructor includes in the lesson plan if they fully engage and observe their surroundings. This includes attitudes, independence, communication, decision-making, etc.

40
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Why is learning an active process?

A

Because students must be mentally or physically engaged to learn. Simply attending a lesson does not guarantee that a student has learned the material.

Fundamentals of Instruction SDE (11 decks)

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