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Fundamentals of Instruction SDE > Assessing and Mitigating Risk - ATP Flight School > Flashcards

Assessing and Mitigating Risk - ATP Flight School Flashcards

1
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

When measuring the level of risk, what two aspects must be considered?

A

Severity (extent of possible loss) and probability (likelihood that a hazard will cause a loss).

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2
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

What are the levels of probability associated with risk assessment?

A

Probable, occasional, remote, and improbable.

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3
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Define a probable risk.

A

The event will occur several times.

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4
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Define an occasional risk.

A

The event will probably occur sometime.

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5
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Define a remote risk.

A

The event is unlikely to occur, but is possible.

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6
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Define an improbable risk.

A

The event is highly unlikely to occur.

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7
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

What are the levels of severity associated with risk assessment?

A

Catastrophic, critical, marginal, and negligible.

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8
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Define catastrophic severity.

A

Results in fatalities or total loss.

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9
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Define critical severity.

A

Results in severe injury or major damage.

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10
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Define marginal severity.

A

Results in minor injury or minor loss.

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11
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Define negligible severity.

A

Results in less than minor injury or less than minor system damage.

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12
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Explain the process of assessing risk based on probability and severity.

A

To assess a risk, first determine both the probability and the severity of the identified hazard. If the likelihood of the hazard is probable and the severity is catastrophic, the risk is high. If the likelihood is remote and the severity negligible, the risk is low. Other combinations of probability and severity fall on a spectrum of risk.

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13
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

What are some ways that pilots can mitigate flight risks?

A
  • Postpone the flight
  • Cancel the flight
  • Take a more experienced pilot
  • Take a different plane
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14
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

How is the IMSAFE checklist used to mitigate risks?

A

IMSAFE is a mnemonic pilots use to assess their physical and mental readiness for flight. The checklist highlights Illness, Medication, Stress, Alcohol, Fatigue, and Eating as potential risks for pilots.

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15
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

What is the PAVE checklist?

A

The PAVE checklist is a risk management / hazard perception tool that divides risks into four categories: Pilot, Aircraft, enVironment, and External pressure.

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16
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

What questions should be asked about the Pilot when using the PAVE checklist?

A
  • Am I current, proficient, and recent?
  • Do I meet the the criteria of the IMSAFE checklist?
17
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

What questions should be asked about the Aircraft when using the PAVE checklist?

A
  • Is the aircraft maintenance current?
  • Does it have enough fuel?
  • Do I understand the systems?
  • Does it have the right instrumentation?
  • Can it carry the planned load?
  • Does it have the required performance?
18
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

What are the main things that need to be assessed about the enVironment when using the PAVE checklist?

A
  • Weather: ceilings and visibility, winds, storms, ice, etc.
  • Airport: runways, lights, terrain, obstacles, familiarity, NOTAMs, etc.
  • Airspace: remote areas, over-water flight, TFRs, familiarity, aircraft requirements, traffic volume and congestion, etc.
  • Conditions: day, night, IFR, VFR.
19
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

What are some possible External pressures in the PAVE checklist?

A

Generally, people and circumstances that cause a pilot to rush or accept unecessary risks and continue the flight. The need to get home, impress a passenger, meet someone at the airport, pride, etc.

20
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

What is the 5P checklist?

A

A risk managment tool that helps with single-pilot resource management by dividing each flight into five elements: the plan, the plane, the pilot, the passengers, and the programming.

21
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

When are the 5 points during a flight that the 5P checklist should be reviewed to make a go/no-go decision?

A
  1. During the preflight on the ground
  2. Just before take-off
  3. In cruise at least once an hour
  4. Before descent into the terminal area
  5. Before entering the pattern or final segment of an instrument approach
22
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Describe “The Plan” in the 5P checklist.

A

The plan is the mission or purpose of the flight. The plan needs to stay flexible - since the weather may change or unanticipated maintenance may be needed, pilots need to adjust the plan as the environment changes.

23
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Describe “The Plane” in the 5P checklist.

A

The plane is the sum total of the systems and avionics. If the systems function outside the normal parameters, the pilot needs to start the risk management process.

24
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Describe “The Pilot” in the 5P checklist.

A

The pilot is the person acting as PIC, who has the responsiblility to ensure the flight is conducted safely and the authority to continue, cancel, or delay the flight. Pilots should ensure that they are physically, mentally, and emotionally fit to accomplish the flight.

25
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Describe “The Passengers” in the 5P checklist.

A

The passengers often are financially invested in the flight and can add pressure to compromise safety to complete a flight. They likely do not understand the risks of flight as well as the pilot does.Passengers also can become ill, in which case a diversion may become necessary for medical attention.

26
Q

ATPFlightSchool.com

Describe “The Programming” in the 5P checklist.

A

The programming is the advanced avionics and automation that the pilot relies on to complete the flight. Pilots should monitor and plan when and to what extent they will use the automation. Pilots can be overly reliant on the automation and lose situational awareness, or conversly, be unfamiliar with the automation and not be able to make the necessary inputs during critical phases of flight.

Fundamentals of Instruction SDE (11 decks)

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