The knee and popliteal fossa

Question 1

what does the femur articulate with

Answer 1

the tibia

Question 2

what maintains the joint stability

Answer 2

cruciate and collateral ligaments

Question 3

what do the cruciate ligaments prevent

Answer 3

prevent excessive flexion and extensions

Question 4

what causes extension of the knee joint

Answer 4

• extension of the knee joint is performed by the quadriceps muscle

Question 5

what causes flexion of the knee joint

Answer 5

• flexion by the hamstrings

Question 6

what is in the popliteal fossa

Answer 6

• femoral artery
• popliteal artery
• it is where the sciatic nerve divides into the tibial and common perineal branches

Question 7

How many articulates are there

Answer 7

There are two articulations between the femur and the tibia, and one articulation between the anterior femur and the patella

Question 8

what do the collateral ligaments prevent

Answer 8

he collateral ligaments are both taut when the knee is extended and prevent abduction and adduction of the knee joint

Question 9

what is between the femur and tibia

Answer 9

• there are semi circular discs of cartilage that act as cushions and pro divide a better git for the two bones these are the menisci

Question 10

what are the ligaments other than the collateral ligament

Answer 10

• anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments

Question 11

what do the anterior and posterior cruciate do

Answer 11

• help to prevent excess forward and backward movement

Question 12

what is more important the anterior cruciate or the posterior cruciate

Answer 12

Of the two the
posterior cruciate is the more important as it takes the weight of the body when the knees are bent such as when we are walking downhill or going down stairs

Question 13

what is more likely to become damaged the posterior or anterior cruciate

Answer 13

the anterior is the one more commonly damaged due to its relationship and attachment to the medial mensci and that’s attachment to the medial collateral ligament.

Question 14

where do the quadriceps coverage onto

Answer 14

they converge onto the patella tendon

Question 15

how many quadriceps are there

Answer 15

4

Question 16

how many hamstrings are there

Answer 16

3

Question 17

where is the small degree of rotation

Answer 17

ere is a small degree of rotation of the tibia, which allows more extension on the larger articular side of the knee, and locks the joint into a more stable position.

Question 18

what is the boundaries of the popliteal fossa

Answer 18

hamstrings superior

2 heads of the gastrocnemius muscles inferiorly

Question 19

what is within the popliteal fossa

Answer 19

• the popliteal vessels

- 2 divisions of the sciatic nerve

Question 20

what happens at the lower border of the fossa

Answer 20

• popliteal artery divides into the posterior tibial and the anterior tubular artery

Question 21

what divides at the superior border of the popliteal fossa

Answer 21

The tibial and common peroneal (fibular) nerves usually divide at the superior border
of the popliteal fossa.

Question 22

where does the tibial nerve descend

Answer 22

The tibial nerve descends more or less vertically down the posterior compartment of
the leg. The common peroneal nerve passes laterally around the neck of the fibula.