The Kidney

Question 1

Cleansing of blood

Answer 1

1. Blood from aorta moves to the renal artery and into the kidney
2. Kidney filters the blood and removes some water, salts and urea
3. Cleaned blood returns to the heart via the vena cava
4. Filtrate called urine leaves the kidneys in the ureters and is stored in the bladder
5. Urine is passed out of the body through the urethra

Question 2

Inside the kidney

Answer 2

Cortex
Nephron
Medulla

Question 3

Ultrafiltration

Answer 3

Occurs in Bowman’s capsule and glomerulus

1. Blood flows through glomerulus
2. In Bowman’s capsule, the plasma from the glomerulus is the filtrate
3. Filtrate moves to PCT where reabsorption of solutes begins

Question 4

Selective reabsorption

Answer 4

Proximal convoluted tube reabsorbs useful molecules such as glucose, amino acids and salts

Question 5

Osmoregulation

Answer 5

1. Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus detect water concentration is too low
2. More ADH released into the blood by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland
3. Blood takes ADH to DCT and collecting duct
4. DCT and collecting duct become more permeable to water
5. Water in collecting duct reabsorbed into surrounding tissue by osmosis