The Kidney Flashcards
Give the definition of excretion?
removal of metabolic waste
Name one waste product of the kidney?
Urea
What does urea become once excreted?
Urine
Name all four objects that make up blood?
Red Blood Cell
White Blood Cell
Platelets
Plasma
Name all the things that can be found in plasma?
Water, salts/ions, glucose, amino acids, urea, fatty acids, glycerol, hormones and CO2
Name everything in urine?
Water
Urea
Slats/ions
What two things give and take blood to/from the Kidney?
Renal artery and Renal Vein
What tube takes urine to the bladder?
Ureter
What stores urine?
Bladder
Where does urine leave the bladder?
Urethra
Give all the parts of the kidney?
Adrenal Gland
Cortex
Medula
Ureter
Renal vein/Artery
What is actually inside the kidney?
A nephron
Define the Nephron?
A tube in the Kidney
Name all 8 parts of a Nephron?
Glomerulus
Bowman’s Capsule
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Descending + Ascending limb
Loop of Henle
Distal Convolute Tubule
Collecting duct
Name 2 important reactions which occur in the Nephron?
Ultrafiltration
Selective reabsorption
Where does Ultrafiltration occur?
Glomerulus + Bowman’s Capsule
What is the glomerulus?
A ball of capillaries
What does the glomerulus do?
Acts as a filter allowing certain molecules to pass through, they are known as filtrate
What does the Bowman’s Capsule do?
Holds Glomerulus
Which molecules can and can’t be filtrated?
Can: Can’t:
- Water - RBC
- Slats - WBC
- Glucose - Platelets
- Urea - Proteins
- Amino Acids
Where does selective reabsorption occur?
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Which four molecules are reabsorbed in the kidney?
Amino Acids
Glucose
Salts
H2O
How do molecules leave the tube?
Via Active Transport
Define Active Transport?
Net movement of molecules from a low to high concentration through a semi permeable membrane using energy
What type of cells are needed in abundance for selective reabsorption?
Mitochondria
