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Biology Rev 4th Form > The Kidney > Flashcards

The Kidney Flashcards

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1
Q

Give the definition of excretion?

A

removal of metabolic waste

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2
Q

Name one waste product of the kidney?

A

Urea

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3
Q

What does urea become once excreted?

A

Urine

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4
Q

Name all four objects that make up blood?

A

Red Blood Cell
White Blood Cell
Platelets
Plasma

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5
Q

Name all the things that can be found in plasma?

A

Water, salts/ions, glucose, amino acids, urea, fatty acids, glycerol, hormones and CO2

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6
Q

Name everything in urine?

A

Water
Urea
Slats/ions

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7
Q

What two things give and take blood to/from the Kidney?

A

Renal artery and Renal Vein

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8
Q

What tube takes urine to the bladder?

A

Ureter

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9
Q

What stores urine?

A

Bladder

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10
Q

Where does urine leave the bladder?

A

Urethra

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11
Q

Give all the parts of the kidney?

A

Adrenal Gland
Cortex
Medula
Ureter
Renal vein/Artery

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12
Q

What is actually inside the kidney?

A

A nephron

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13
Q

Define the Nephron?

A

A tube in the Kidney

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14
Q

Name all 8 parts of a Nephron?

A

Glomerulus
Bowman’s Capsule
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Descending + Ascending limb
Loop of Henle
Distal Convolute Tubule
Collecting duct

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15
Q

Name 2 important reactions which occur in the Nephron?

A

Ultrafiltration
Selective reabsorption

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16
Q

Where does Ultrafiltration occur?

A

Glomerulus + Bowman’s Capsule

17
Q

What is the glomerulus?

A

A ball of capillaries

18
Q

What does the glomerulus do?

A

Acts as a filter allowing certain molecules to pass through, they are known as filtrate

19
Q

What does the Bowman’s Capsule do?

A

Holds Glomerulus

20
Q

Which molecules can and can’t be filtrated?

A

Can: Can’t:
- Water - RBC
- Slats - WBC
- Glucose - Platelets
- Urea - Proteins
- Amino Acids

21
Q

Where does selective reabsorption occur?

A

Proximal Convoluted Tubule

22
Q

Which four molecules are reabsorbed in the kidney?

A

Amino Acids
Glucose
Salts
H2O

23
Q

How do molecules leave the tube?

A

Via Active Transport

24
Q

Define Active Transport?

A

Net movement of molecules from a low to high concentration through a semi permeable membrane using energy

25
Q

What type of cells are needed in abundance for selective reabsorption?

A

Mitochondria

Biology Rev 4th Form (8 decks)

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