Harnessing Biology

Question 1

How does increasing the temperature result in an increase in crop yield?

Answer 1

Need optimum temperatures for enzymes to react

Question 2

What mineral should be added to fertilisers?

Answer 2

Nitrates

Question 3

Why are nitrates good for plants?

Answer 3

Good for the growth and repair of plant

Question 4

Why should farmers limit the amount of fertiliser they use?

Answer 4

Could cause pollution into nearby areas such as lakes. This would cause mass death to ecosystems

Question 4

What happens to water sources when there is a high amount of contamination with pesticides or fertilisers?

Answer 4

Begins a build up of algae – grows until it blocks out sunlight – stop plant growth due to lack of photosynthesis – lack of light means death of animals/ organisms – plants die – bacteria multiplies and feeds off the dead – bacteria also take O2 out of water – biological demand increases as animals lose O2

Question 5

Give 3 things found in sewage?

Answer 5

Faeces, Urine, Pathogenic Bacteria

Question 6

What would be used in a fish farm to prevent pests?

Answer 6

Biological control – Wrasse

Question 7

How does biological control help farmers?

Answer 7

Not too expensive

Question 8

How could fish farmers obtain clean oxygenated water?

Answer 8

O2 or CO2 pump/filter

Question 9

How does clean oxygenated water help farmers?

Answer 9

Creates bigger fish and more wealth

Question 10

How can the fish be protected from other predators?

Answer 10

Netting surrounding the fish

Question 11

How can the fish farmers prevent the area becoming dirty?

Answer 11

Have net above floor so faeces goes to sea bed

Question 12

How could the fish become stronger and healthier?

Answer 12

With the correct diet, antibiotics and protein

Question 13

How does an increasing population affect the world?

Answer 13

Increase in population means there is a higher demand for objects globally

Question 14

Give 4 examples of objects which have a higher demand due to population?

Answer 14

Fuel
Food
Space or land
Water

Question 15

Name some consequences of increasing demans?

Answer 15

Deforestation
Pollution
Climate change
Damaged ecosystems
Extinction of species
Decrease with some resources
Biodiversity decreases

Question 16

How is acid rain formed?

Answer 16

Fuel burning releases sulphur dioxide which reacts with water to form acid rain – when occurs it will dissolve rock and decrease the pH of water

Question 17

What is selective breeding used for?

Answer 17

Used for creating higher yields of certain animal parts etc

Question 18

Give the 5 steps to selectively breed cows to create more milk?

Answer 18

1. Find individuals produce the highest yield of milk or the desirable characteristic
2. Reproduce with the specific individuals with characteristic
3. Parents will pass the gene down to offspring
4. Choose offspring with desired gene and breed them
5. Repeat over many generations

Question 19

Give how selective breeding is carried out by plants?

Answer 19

Taken pollen from best plants anther and move it to another plants stigma, both must have the desired characteristic. This can be done by using a brush

Question 20

Give a downside to selective breeding?

Answer 20

If a population of similar species has a disease spread then there could be a high death rate