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Biology Rev 4th Form > Photosynthesis and Ecology > Flashcards

Photosynthesis and Ecology Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

A

Carbon Dioxide + Water –> Oxygen + Glucose

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2
Q

What is photosynthesis used for?

A

So the plant can create its own food from glucose

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3
Q

What conditions are necessary for a plant to grow and do photosynthesis?

A

Co2 in the air
Constant watering

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4
Q

What does a plant use to absorb light energy?

A

Chlorophyll

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5
Q

What is the first step in the Testing for Starch practical?

A

Heat a plant leaf in boiling water for 30 seconds

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6
Q

What does boiling the leaf in water do to the leaf?

A

This kills the leaf
Stops any chemical reactions
Kills the enzymes

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7
Q

What liquid will you then boil the leaf in?

A

Ethanol

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8
Q

What does boiling the leaf in ethanol do?

A

The boiling ethanol dissolves the chlorophyll and removes the green colour from the leaf, it will turn white, breaks the outer protective cells of a leaf

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9
Q

What will you do after you have boiled the leaf in ethanol?

A

Wash with water to rehydrate and soften the leaf and spread it onto a white tile

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10
Q

What is the liquid used to test for starch?

A

Iodine Solution

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11
Q

Once dropping iodine on the leaf what will happen?

A

After a few minutes, the parts of the leaf that contain starch turn the iodine from brown to blue/black.

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12
Q

If the leaf is left in a dark room why would it be yellow after Iodine?

A

No photosynthesis can occur.
No starch

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13
Q

What happened to the starch in the leaf?

A

Used all of the reserves of starch to make glucose

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14
Q

What is the Independent Variable in the test on the affect of light intensity?

A

Light Intensity

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15
Q

What is the Dependent Variable in the test on the affect of light intensity?

A

Amount of Bubbles released

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16
Q

What are the Control Variables in the test on the affect of light intensity?

A

Pondweed, Length of Pondweed, temperature, CO2 levels

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17
Q

How long will you time the pondweed for each time?

A

1 minute

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18
Q

How many time could you repeat the light intensity experiment?

A

10 times

19
Q

What should the pattern be at the end of the experiment?

A

As the light intensity decreases the rate of photosynthesis will decrease.

20
Q

What must you let the pondweed do before beginning the experiment?

A

Allow pondweed to acclimatise to temperature.

21
Q

Give the definition of a population?

A

Number of individuals of a species in a habitat

22
Q

Give the definition of a community?

A

All the individuals of all the species in a habitat

23
Q

Give the definition of a ecosystem?

A

All non-living and living species in one habitat

24
Q

What is the definition of abiotic factors?

A

Non-living factors in the ecosystem

25
Q

Give examples of abiotic factors? (4 factors)

A

Moisture, temperature, wind, gases

26
Q

What is the definition of biotic factors?

A

Living factors in the ecosystem

27
Q

Give examples of biotic factors? (4 factors)

A

Predators, competition, prey, pathogens

28
Q

What are the 4 stages of a food web?

A

Producer, Primary consumer, Secondary Consumer, Tertiary consumer

29
Q

What do the arrows in a food chain mean?

A

Where energy is transferred

30
Q

Why are the food chains so short?

A

Because by the tertiary consumer most of the energy has been passed on already

31
Q

How is energy lost in animals? (4 ways)

A

Respiration
Non digestible parts (Bones)
Urine and Faeces
Heat energy

32
Q

What does saprotroph mean?

A

Feed off the dead

33
Q

What are the primary consumers usually: Carnivore, Omnivore or Herbivore?

A

Herbivore

34
Q

What are the secondary consumers usually: Carnivore, Omnivore or Herbivore?

A

Carnivore

35
Q

What are the tertiary consumers usually: Carnivore, Omnivore or Herbivore?

A

Carnivore

36
Q

What are tertiary consumers usually known as?

A

Apex Predators

37
Q

What can you use to estimate the amount of flowers in a field?

A

A Quadrant

38
Q

What should you first do when getting to your field?

A

Measure out a x and y axis with measuring tape. It should be 10m by 10m

39
Q

What should be used and done to be able to place your quadrant in a random place?

A

Use a random number generator on a calculator. Use the last two digits.

40
Q

What should you do once having found your coordinates?

A

Place quadrant on given coordinate and count the amount of flowers (or species) you see.

41
Q

How many times should you repeat the quadrant experiment?

A

10 times

42
Q

When plotting a pyramid of biomass what must you do when plotting it?

A

Make sure each side is the same distance across (total distance halved) and make sure every rectangle is the same height.

43
Q

Why is a pyramid of biomass better than a pyramid of numbers?

A

Shows mass of living organisms representing the chemical energy

44
Q

What does CORMS stand for?

A

C- Change
O - Organism
R - Repetition
M - Measure
S - Same

Biology Rev 4th Form (8 decks)

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