The Internal Conditions of France During 1793 Flashcards

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1
Q

What was an economic consequence related to the prices of goods after the war?

A

Prices went up due to shortages and the convention tried to pay for the war by printing more assignats which created cost-push inflation.

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2
Q

What were the three reasons the convention faced uprisings?

A
  1. Partly as a protest against levee en mass (conscription)
  2. Partly a reaction to economic hardship and fear
  3. Partly a genuine protest against the war the revolution had developed
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3
Q

Where was Vendee?

A

A rural region in western France.

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4
Q

Who began the rising in Vendee and who led it?

A

Peasants began the uprising due to them paying a large amount of land tax and it was led by local nobles.

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5
Q

Which three groups was frustration aimed at?

A
  1. The new local officials
  2. Constitutional priests
  3. National guards
    All of whom were massacred.
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6
Q

How many soldiers did the Convention have to send from the front line to deal with the rebels?

A

30,000.

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7
Q

What was being pressured for the convention to do to deal with the uprising?

A

A call for more radical measures to ensure the convention maintained control of the country.

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8
Q

What was the revolutionary tribunal?

A

An emergency measure brought in by the convention to act as a court to try and sentence counter-revolutionaries.

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9
Q

When was the revolutionary tribunal set up?

A

February 1793.

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10
Q

What was the committee of public safety?

A

A committee created to coordinate the war effort inside and outside of France in order to protect French citizens.

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11
Q

When was the CPS set up?

A

April 1793.

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12
Q

What was the CPS responsible for during a crisis?

A

Responding and supervising during a crisis.

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13
Q

Who gave the CPS authority?

A

The convention and other ministers.

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14
Q

What was the committee of general security?

A

An emergency measure established to act as a police agency for the convention.

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15
Q

What two things were the committee of general security responsible for?

A
  1. Internal security

2. Rooting out counter-revolutionaries.

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16
Q

What two things did the committee of general security control?

A
  1. An extensive spy network

2. A secret revolutionary police force.

17
Q

Who were the Armees revolutionnaires?

A

Groups of Sans Culottes volunteers who acted on behalf of the authorities, seizing grain, attacking anyone found to be hoarding and helping counter-revolutionaries.

18
Q

When were the Armees revolutionnaires established?

A

September 1793.

19
Q

What was the Maximum?

A

The name given to a law that established the maximum price that could be charged for grain.

20
Q

When was the grain Maximum implemented?

A

The first maximum law - fixing the price of wheat and flour - was implemented on May 4th 1793.

21
Q

What was the Law of the Maximum (also known as the General Maximum)?

A

The name of a law that the convention passed which created a maximum price on dozens of essential goods, mostly food items.

22
Q

When was the General Maximum implemented?

A

September 29th 1793.

23
Q

What are four food commodities that were price-capped by the Maximum?

A
  1. Fresh meat.
  2. Butter.
  3. Alcohol.
  4. Raw materials used for fabrics.
24
Q

When the general maximum was implemented, what were the prices of the goods fixed at?

A

The 1790 level plus a third and wages at the 1790 plus a third.

25
Q

What was the compulsory loan?

A

A decree which stated all the property of emigres was to be confiscated and they would be executed if they returned to France.

26
Q

Who was the compulsory loan imposed on?

A

The wealthy.

27
Q

Why were rationing cards issued?

A

To ensure fair distribution of bread and meat.

28
Q

Who could the death penalty be imposed on?

A

Anyone caught to be hoarding.