The Industrial Revolution Flashcards
The _______ ________ refers to the 18th and 19th century when regions of the world underwent a rapid increase of industry and a huge increase of machine-made goods
Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution started in _______
England
Rather than making goods by _____, new _______ mass-produced products
hand, machines`
The early industry was called the ______ ______
cottage industry
By 1900, __________ spread through Europe and US
industrialization
Most Europeans worked and lived on small _______ _______
farming villages
Farmers relied on the _____-______ system
three field
Few farmers ________ with new farm techniques
experimented
The little amount of food kept the _________ of Europe from growing rapidly
population
In the mid-1700s, new farm techniques led to an __________ __________ in Europe
Agricultural Revolution
_______ were used to protect large farms (called the _______ movement
fences, enclosure
What was a scientific farming methods
crop rotation
What were the new crops
corn, potatoes
What were the new tools
iron plow, seed drill
When more food was made and Europe’s population ________
increased
What are the factors of production
land, labor, capital
England had large deposits of natural resources, _____ and _____
coal, iron
England has lots of natural _____ and ______
rivers, harbors
England’s _______ provided cheap raw materials and markets to sell industrial goods
colonies
From 1750 to 1850, England was the most _________ nation in the world
industrialized
New inventions sped up ________, ________, and _______
spinning, weaving, sewing
What came out in the 1760s
spinning jenny
What came out in 1768
water frame
What came out in 1787
power loam
What did Eli Whitney invent
cotton gin
European demand for cotton led to a boom in ______ production and _______ in the southern US
cotton, slavery
The new textile machinery led to the _____ ______
factory system
Factory owners made huge _______ selling mass-produced clothes
profits
Power-driven machines were able to _____-_______ goods very fast and cheap
mass produce
Factories needed ______ and were usually near rivers (steam engine)
power
James Watt invented the first _____ _____
steam engine
Steam engines produced more _____ and allowed factories to be built in cities near workers
power
Factories led to a demand for faster __________
transportation
_______ and ________ were built in England
roads, canals
Robert Fulton’s ___________ increased the speed of water travel
steamboat
The greatest improvement to transportation was the steam-powered ________
railroad
Railroads were fast, increased profits, and stimulated the ____ and ____ industries
iron, coal
The Industrial Revolution led to an increase in demand for coal to ______ ________ and _________
power factories, railroads
Other inventions of the Industrial Revolution include…
electricity, telegraph, telephone, typewriters, cash registers, vaccines
Industrial ideas turned the US into an important _____ _____
world power
Southern cotton led to _____ _____ in the North
textile mills
Industrializtaion gave Europe tremendous ________ and _______ power
economic, military
