THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Flashcards
In comparison to a preindustrial economy, the most distinctive feature of a modern economy is its
A. greater capacity to sustain growth over time
B. increased democratization of the workplace
C. lower wages for the literate middle class
D. lack of economic cycles
E. elimination of hunger and poverty
A. greater capacity to sustain growth over time
One accomplishment of the British Reform Bill of 1832 was the
A. increase in the parliamentary power of the House of Lords
B. reduction in the constitutional powers of the Crown
C. extension of parliamentary representation to the new industrial centers
D. extension of the right to vote to all males over the age of 21
E. increase in the representation of the colonies in Parliament
C. extension of parliamentary representation to the new industrial centers
In the mid-nineteenth century, women were LEAST likely to be employed in which of the following occupations?
A. Factory work B. Domestic service C. Shopkeeping D. Teaching E. Legal services
E. Legal services
Which of the following statements about female industrial workers in eighteenth-century England is correct?
A. They outnumbered male workers.
B. Most left employment before they married.
C. Most left the mills soon after employment to return to the countryside.
D. They generally received lower pay than male workers.
E. They were protected by law from hazardous occupations such as mining.
D. They generally received lower pay than male workers.
The enormous business success of the eighteenth-century English potter Josiah Wedgwood can be attributed primarily to
A. the wealth of the aristocracy and their desire for elaborate china
B. the rising prominence of the middle class, who sought to emulate the upper class
C. the development of a huge overseas market for English china
D. the prominence of coffee and tea drinking in the eighteenth century
E. royal patronage for potters and weavers
B. the rising prominence of the middle class, who sought to emulate the upper class
The “revolution of textiles” in eighteenth-century England involved principally
A. silk cloth B. linen cloth C. cotton cloth D. machine-made tapestries E. imported Indian calico cloth
C. cotton cloth
What happened during the Second Agricultural Revolution?
- regular use of manure to replenish the soil.
- allowing soil to lay fallow and replenish
- scientific attempts to develop better animals, more milking
- enclosure, fencing
- shift from focus on feeding family to a commercial venture
What was the cottage industry?
Where people farmed out textile goods to small farms. Merchants would gather these textiles.
Who was James Watt?
He invented a smaller and more efficient steam engine.
How did the portable steam engine spark the industrial revolution?
By allowing the factories to be built anywhere, and not just need water for water power.
Also, sped up the production of iron, which in turn led to more industry because factories and equipment could be built out of iron.
What was consider the symbol of the Industrial Revolution?
trains and railway system
Why does the Industrial Revolution occur first in England?
The movement of the farmers to the factories created a great need for a source to heat their homes. Trees were being deforested and they turned to coal which could be tranported easily to the cities by train. Britain had an abundant source of coal.
Which of the following is considered one reason why the industrial revolution had its beginnings in England?
(A) A large number of children were available to do much of the needed industrial work.
(B) Britain preferred to be economically self-sufficient and limit imports and exports, so industrialization was necessary.
(C) An extensive colonial system gave Britain access to raw materials and markets for finished products.
(D) Military innovations benefited British merchants, who adapted new inventions for commercial use.
(E) Unlike in other European countries, British workers were quick to embrace the time- and labor-saving advances of industrialization.
C
What classes were the most affected by the Industrial Revolution?
the middle class and the working class
What were some of the differences in how the Industrial Revolution affected the middle class and working class?
As the factories grew, the need for managers, lawyers, bankers and such grew. The middle class became more wealthy and were able to hire servants and build homes to raise their families. The middle class didn’t have to send their children to work, they were healthier because they didn’t have to live in tenements.
