REVOLUTION & NAPOLEONIC EUROPE

Question 1

The map shows national boundaries in which of the following years?

A. 1789
B. 1812
C. 1830
D. 1870

Answer 1

B. 1812

Question 2

The increase in population density between 1801 and 1846 shown above indicates that

A. the growth of Paris absorbed any natural population increase
B. there was a reversing trend in which industry moved to the center of France while agriculture moved to the north
C. the population distribution in 1801 was very similar to the population distribution in 1846
D. by 1846 southern France was declining in population
E. by 1846 central France was declining in population

Answer 2

C. the population distribution in 1801 was very similar to the population distribution in 1846

Question 3

The National Assembly in France (1789–1791) did all of the following EXCEPT

A. issue assignats 
B. ban strikes 
C. pass the Civil Constitution of the Clergy 
D. abolish guilds 
E. abolish private property

Answer 3

E. abolish private property

Question 4

Which of the following is true of the French Revolution of 1830?

A. It strengthened the power of the working class.
B. It overthrew the Bourbon Monarch Charles X.
C. It produced a constitutional monarchy based on universal adult male suffrage.
D. It was suppressed by Charles X with the aid of Austria and Russia.
E. It strengthened the power of the Roman Catholic Church in France.

Answer 4

B. It overthrew the Bourbon Monarch Charles X.

Question 5

The eighteenth-century political cartoon reproduction shown above relates most closely to which of the following events of the French Revolution?

A. The emergence of the power of the Third Estate
B. The tensions between the nobility and clergy
C. The mistreatment of political prisoners
D. The death of Marat
E. The Thermidorean Reaction

Answer 5

A. The emergence of the power of the Third Estate

Question 6

Prince Klemens von Metternich, the Austrian representative at the Congress of Vienna, is most closely associated with which of the following?

A. Utopian socialism 
B. Nationalism 
C. Romanticism 
D. Liberalism 
E. Conservatism

Answer 6

E. Conservatism

Question 7

The storming of the Bastille by a Paris crowd on July 14, 1789, was

A. undertaken to free the large number of inmates there
B. initiated to arrest the commander of the prison, who was known as a monster of cruelty
C. an attack on a symbol that had long represented despotism
D. a desperate, planned move to begin revolution between French citizens and the government
E. an action to force Louis XVI from Versailles to Paris

Answer 7

C. an attack on a symbol that had long represented despotism

Question 8

Most sansculottes demanded which of the following from the leaders of the French Revolution?

A. Higher taxes for the wealthy, and rent and price restrictions 
B. Restoration of church lands 
C. Equal rights for women 
D. Prices based on supply and demand 
E. Property qualifications for voters

Answer 8

A. Higher taxes for the wealthy, and rent and price restrictions

Question 9

Which of the following accomplishments of Napoleon Bonaparte lasted the longest?

A. The Concordat of 1801 
B. The Civil Code 
C. The Continental System 
D. The Confederation of the Rhine 
E. The Cisalpine Republic

Answer 9

B. The Civil Code

Question 10

The Estates General was made up of what three states?

Answer 10

1st estate - the clergy
2nd estate - nobility of France
3rd state - wealthy professional middle class (doctors, lawyers)

Question 11

How did the French Revolution start?

Answer 11

The 1st and 2nd estates just wanted to have their rights preserved and get more voting power. The frustrated 3rd estate pulls out of the Estates General, traveled to the tennis court of Versailles and swear an oath to create a new constitution for France. They called themselves the National Assembly.

Question 12

In the minds of the people of France, what did the Bastille represent?

Answer 12

a symbol of royal authority, despotism

Question 13

What were some of the reforms the National Assembly put in motion as a result of the revolution?

Answer 13

• tries to reform the government along enlightenment lines.
• gets rid of noble divisions that criss-cross France
• creates the department system which France still has today.
• ban strikes and guilds in an attempt to modernize the economy and keep it going.

Question 14

What 2 things did the National Assembly do that ended up causing more damage?

Answer 14

1 - decision to issue assignats, paper currency backed by future sales of church lands. People are so distrustful of paper money, that it causes inflation and makes the economy much worse.
2 - Civil Constitution of the Clergy, demanded that the Clergy swear oath of loyalty to the State. Clergy felt this was against their religious duties and it caused tension

Question 15

What was the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen?

Answer 15

Established a relationship between the people and the government, laying out the rights of the people that the government couldn’t violate. It abolished feudalism, nobility, churchly privilege, kingly privilege and made all men equal.

Question 16

After the National Assembly (in France) disbanded, what group took control, and what problem did this cause?

Answer 16

The Legislative Assembly made up of a more radical and violent group.

Question 17

Who were the Jacobins?

Answer 17

A group during the French Revolution who wanted to do away with the king altogether and make a republic.

Question 18

Who were the Sans-Culottes, and what did they want?

Answer 18

The urban poor of France who stormed the Bastille and the pushed the revolution to become more violent.
They wanted taxes on the wealthy, help with rent and food prices, and want the government to act and fix their problems.

Question 19

What were the September massacres?

Answer 19

Because they were under martial law, the prisons started filling up with people who broke curfew. Rumors spread that the Prussians had captured Verdon and that the prisoners were agents of Prussia and were plotting to open the gates of the city to the Prussians. The Sans-Culottes then entered the prison and for 3 days massacred everyone they could find.

Question 20

What political change did the Sans-Culottes demand?

Answer 20

Universal voting rights for every man regardless of whether he owned property or not.

Question 21

Who was Robespierre?

Answer 21

The leader of the Committee of Public Safety that sought to punish all enemies of the Revolution in the Reign of Terror. He eventually was rounded up with the others and executed at the very guillotine he and his followers carried out executions.

Question 22

When Robespierre was ousted, what group took his place, and what did they do?

Answer 22

The Directory. They conquer the Netherlands, the Dutch Republic, and go on to conquer more under the direction of Napoleon Bonaparte.

Question 23

What is the most famous result of Napoleon’s Egyptian campaign?

Answer 23

Scientists discover the Rosetta Stone.

Question 24

What was the Napoleonic Code?

Answer 24

A civil code issued by Napoleon forming the basis for French administration and legal administration for decades to come.
It abolishes feudalism, which the peasants love, protects private property, which the middle class loves, and

Question 25

What did Napoleon do to try to get Great Britain under his control?

Answer 25

He came up with Continential System and attempted to blockade them, which didn’t hurt them, it only hurt his allies. They began trading with Russia in secret, which led to the Russian Campaign.

Question 26

What happened when Napoleon took his battle to Russia?

Answer 26

They froze him out. He went with 600,000 men and came back with 40,000.

Question 27

As a result of his loss in Russian, how did the European powers respond?

Answer 27

The met at the Battle Leipzig and defeated him, forced him to abdicate the throne, and exiled him to the island of Elba instead of martyring him.

Question 28

After Napoleon escapes Elba, what does he do?

Answer 28

In the famous 100 Days, he raises an army to reconquer and recapture his glory.

Question 29

In what battle was Napoleon finally defeated?

Answer 29

Battle of Waterloo

Question 30

Where was Napoleon exiled for the final time?

Answer 30

St. Helena where he died in exile.

Question 31

What was the Congress of Vienna (1814-1815) and what were its greatest concerns?

Answer 31

European conference that organized the continent following the defeat of Napoleon. It created a new political map, intended to maintain the peace.
The greatest interest among the powers at the Congress of Vienna was preventing any country from dominating the others. The leaders were conservatives with little use for republicanism or revolution, both of which threatened to upset the status quo in Europe.

Question 32

Who were the nations of the Quadruple Alliance who went against Napoleon?

Answer 32

Russia, Prussia, Austria, and Britain

Question 33

What countries were considered the Concert of Europe and who was their leader?

Answer 33

Russia, Prussia, Austria, France, and Britain

Austrian Prince Klemens von Metternich

Question 34

What was considered the success of the Congress of Vienna?

Answer 34

There no world wars until World War 1 in 1912.

Question 35

Who was involved in the Crimean War, what was it about, and what were the results?

Answer 35

(1853–1856) pitted Britain, France, and the Ottoman Empire against Russia. The causes for the war were the Ottomans’ granting to the French the oversight of Christian shrines in the Middle East –a responsibility the Russians thought they should have– and the Russians’ occupation of portions of present-day Romania, which threatened France and Britain’s interests in the eastern Mediterranean.
Most of the Crimean War was fought along the coast of the Black Sea. As a result of its loss in the war, Russia had to renounce authority over Christian shrines in the Ottoman Empire and allow French and British ships to trade in the Black Sea. As was the case with most wars before the twentieth century, more soldiers died from disease than from battle wounds in the Crimean War.

Question 36

The Congress of Vienna:

(A) Settled the differences between Protestants and Catholics in Europe
(B) Readjusted the terms of the Treaty of San Stefano
(C) Attempted to create a framework for peace in the aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars correct
(D) Established agreements about imperialism that would kick off the “Scramble for Africa”
(E) Divided Poland among Prussia, Austria, and Russia

Answer 36

C