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Rebellion and Disorder under the Tudors, 1485-1603 > The impact of Henrician religious changes, 1533-37; the break with Rome and the dissolution of the monasteries > Flashcards

The impact of Henrician religious changes, 1533-37; the break with Rome and the dissolution of the monasteries Flashcards

1
Q

1533 - 1537

A
  • Break from Rome
  • Henry Supreme Head of the Church
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2
Q

Who had masterminded the break with Rome and the royal supremacy?

A

Thomas Cromwell

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3
Q

Which institution was used to legalise Henry’s actions and create a means through which opponents of the supremacy could be punished?

A

Acts of Parliament

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4
Q

Who did Henry annul his marriage to in 1533 and who did he marry in the same year?

A

Annul - Catherine of Aragon
Married - Anne Boleyn

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5
Q

Henry’s religious beliefs:

A

Was not a religious reformer

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6
Q

Thomas Cromwell and Thomas Cranmer beliefs:

A

Radical religious views

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7
Q

North and South’s religious beliefs:

A

North - Traditional Catholic beliefs were still predominant
South - Reformist ideas

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8
Q

What did Henry appoint Cromwell as in 1535?

A

Vicegerent in Spirituals

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9
Q

What did Cromwell do as Vicegerent in Spirituals?

A
  • Alter the doctrine
  • Appointed new bishops such as Hugh Latimer
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10
Q

Actions Cromwell took to ensure support for Henry’s changes in churches: (2)

A
  • Launched a propaganda campaign in support of the supremacy through preaching in churches
  • in April 1535, Royal letters were sent to all bishops, nobility and JPs ordering them to imprison clergymen who continued to preach in support of the Pope’s authority
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11
Q

When was the Act of Ten Articles?

A

1536

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12
Q

Act of Ten Articles significance: (3)

A
  • First attempt to define the doctrine of the new English Church
  • Article on the Eucharist was deliberately ambiguous
  • The number of sacraments was decreased from 7 to 3
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13
Q

Cromwell’s injunctions of 1536: (3)

A
  • Attacked traditional practices such as pilgrimages
  • Emphasis placed on relics and images and the worship of saints
  • Banned Holy Days
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14
Q

What area was most reluctant to follow Henry’s religious changes?

A

North of England

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15
Q

Sir Richard Rich:

A

Chancellor of the Court of Augmentations and helped Cromwell in the organisation of the dissolution of the monasteries

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16
Q

When was the Act of Supremacy passed?

A

1534

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17
Q

What did the Act of Supremacy do?

A
  • Confirmed Henry as the head of the English Church
  • Oath had to be taken
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18
Q

When was the treason act passed?

A

1534

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19
Q

What did the treason act do?

A
  • Classed as treason if you plotted against the King or spoke out against the king or supremacy
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20
Q

Which 2 high profile men refused to accept the supremacy and what happened to them in 1535?

A
  • Sir Thomas More and John Fisher
  • Both executed
21
Q

Members of the conservative faction at Court:

A
  • Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk
  • Edward Stanley, Earl of Derby
  • Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland
22
Q

What was the aim of this conservative faction?

A

To see a restoration of Catholicism

23
Q

What happened to Princess Mary in 1534?

A

Made illegitimate and barred from the succession

24
Q

What did the Court-based plot of 1535-6 aim to do?

A

Sought to remove Henry altogether and to replace him with Mary instead

25
Q

Spiritual role of the monasteries:

A

Monastic orders such as Benedictines and Cistercians followed rules of poverty, chastity and obedience

26
Q

Socio-economic role of the monasteries:

A

Provided support for the poor and cared for the sick and elderly

27
Q

By 1530, how many religious houses were there?

A

Nearly 900

28
Q

By 1530, how many people were there in religious orders in England?

A

12,000

29
Q

Why did Cromwell and other reformers want to dissolve monasteries?

A

Due to their belief in purgatory

30
Q

What was the 1535 survey of Church wealth called

A

Valor Ecclesiasticus

31
Q

What was the remit of Cromwell’s commissioners when they carried out visitations to monasteries?

A

Tried to find evidence that monasteries were corrupt to use against them

32
Q

What did the 1536 Act of Parliament authorise and what happened to some monasteries as a result?

A

Authorised the dissolution of smaller monasteries

33
Q

Religious causes of the 1536 rebellions: (3)

A
  • Reformers’ attacks on traditional practices such as pilgrimages and worship of saints
  • dissolution of the monasteries
  • undermined purgatory
34
Q

Social and economic causes of the 1536 rebellions: (3)

A
  • 2 years of bad weather and poor harvests in the North
  • Entry fines and enclosures hit farm tenants
  • Act of Uses (1535) attempted to prevent landowners avoiding the financial demands of their king
35
Q

Nobility who became involved in the rebellions of 1536:

A

Sir Thomas Percy and Lord Darcy to restore Princess Mary and remove Cromwell

36
Q

Two leading northern nobles who did not join the rebellions of 1536:

A

Earl of Derby and Lord Dacre

37
Q

Henry’s councillors:

A

Evil heretics

38
Q

How many rebels met in Louth

A

3,000

39
Q

Grievances of the rebels in their first petition of the 9th October?

A
  • Dissolution of the smaller monasteries
  • Cromwell, Rich and the promotions of reformers such as Cranmer
40
Q

Grievances of the rebels in their first petition of the 9th October?

A
  • Dissolution of the smaller monasteries
  • Cromwell, Rich and the promotions of reformers such as Cranmer
41
Q

How many rebels had joined the rebellion by the time they had marched to Lincoln?

A

10,000

42
Q

Leader of the Pilgrimage of Grace

A

Robert Aske

43
Q

Which rebel turned on Henry?

A

Lord Darcy

44
Q

How many rebels in total during POG?

A

30,000

45
Q

How many men were in the royal army led by the Duke of Norfolk and the Earl of Shrewsbury?

A

8,000

46
Q

Meeting between Norfolk and the rebels on 27th October?

A

Pontefract

47
Q

What three things did Norfolk agree with the rebels?

A
  • Kings pardon
  • Promise of a Northern Parliament
  • Further negotiations on the fate of the monasteries
48
Q

How many people did Henry execute on his revenge?

A

over 144

49
Q

Nobility that were executed:

A

Darcy
Percy
Hussey

Rebellion and Disorder under the Tudors, 1485-1603 (18 decks)

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