The Human Reproductive System

Question 1

Testes

Answer 1

Produce sperm cells

Question 2

Scrotum

Answer 2

Where the testes are located. Keeps the testes at a slightly lower temperature than body temperature.

Question 3

Vas deferens

Answer 3

The tube through which sperm cells travel from the testes to the penis

Question 4

Prostate gland

Answer 4

Secretes some of the liquid that is added to sperm cells to form semen. The fluid secreted by the prostate gland is alkaline and contains many chemicals including enzymes. It plays an important role in keeping sperm cells alive once they enter the female reproductive system.

Question 5

Seminal vesicle

Answer 5

Also contributes some of the liquid that makes up semen. The fluid produced by the seminal vesicle contains proteins, enzymes, sugar, vitamin C and other substances. The sugar provides a source of energy for sperm cells.

Question 6

Urethra

Answer 6

The tube inside the penis through which semen leaves the male’s body

Question 7

Penis

Answer 7

The penis swells during sexual arousal. Semen containing sperm cells is ejaculated (released) from the penis into the vagina.

Question 8

Follicles

Answer 8

sacs containing egg cells

Question 9

Fallopian tubes

Answer 9

tiny tubes joining the ovaries to the uterus. Fertilization occurs in one of these tubes.

Question 10

fertilization

Answer 10

penetration of the ovum by a sperm

Question 11

Ovaries

Answer 11

Produce ova. One egg is produced about once a month from one of the ovaries.

Question 12

Cervix

Answer 12

Produce ova. One egg is produced about once a month from one of the ovaries.

Question 13

Clitoris

Answer 13

Swells during sexual arousal and becomes highly sensitive when erect

Question 14

Puberty

Answer 14

life stage when the sex glands become active and bodily changes occur to enable reproduction

Question 15

Hormones

Answer 15

chemical substances produced by glands and circulated in the blood. Hormones have specific effects in the body.

Question 16

Sexual reproduction

Answer 16

joining together of male and female reproductive cells

Question 17

Gametes

Answer 17

reproductive cells (sperm or ova) containing half the genetic information of normal cells

Question 18

Sperm

Answer 18

male reproductive cell. It consists of a head, a middle section and a tail used to swim towards the egg.

Question 19

Ova

Answer 19

female gametes or sex cells. Singular = ovum.

Question 20

zygote

Answer 20

cell formed by the fusion of two gametes; fertilised ovum before it starts to divide into more cells

Question 21

External fertilization

Answer 21

reproduction where the eggs are released by the female into water and fertilized by sperm released nearby

Question 22

Internal Fertilization

Answer 22

reproduction where the egg remains in the female and is fertilised by sperm inserted into the female

Question 23

Copulation

Answer 23

the act of inserting sperm into the female; also called sexual intercourse or mating

Question 24

meiosis

Answer 24

cell division process that results in new cells with half the number of chromosomes of the original cell

Question 25

Eugenics

Answer 25

a new branch of science that involves studying the effect of our experiences on the expression of our genetic information

Question 26

Nuclear DNA

Answer 26

genetic material passed on from both parents, from the nucleus of both the sperm and the ovum

Question 27

Mitochondrial DNA

Answer 27

genetic material from the mitochondria, passed on only from the mother

Question 28

Ejaculation

Answer 28

release of sperm

Question 29

Semen

Answer 29

combination of fluid and sperm

Question 30

Identical twins

Answer 30

twins developed from the same fertilised egg

Question 31

fraternal twins

Answer 31

twins developed from different fertilised eggs