Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Cardiovascular
relating to the heart and blood vessels.
Blood
the red liquid that circulates in the arteries and veins of humans and other vertebrate animals, carrying oxygen to and carbon dioxide from the tissues of the body.
Vessels
a duct or canal holding or conveying blood or other fluid.
Heart
a hollow muscular organ that pumps the blood through the circulatory system by rhythmic contraction and dilation. In vertebrates there may be up to four chambers (as in humans), with two atria and two ventricles.
deoxygenated
remove oxygen from.
Oxygenated
supplied, treated, or enriched with oxygen.
centrifuge
a machine with a rapidly rotating container that applies centrifugal force to its contents, typically to separate fluids of different densities (e.g. cream from milk) or liquids from solids.
Macrophages
a large phagocytic cell found in stationary form in the tissues or as a mobile white blood cell, especially at sites of infection.
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lymphocytes
a form of small leucocyte (white blood cell) with a single round nucleus, occurring especially in the lymphatic system.
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plasma
the colourless fluid part of blood, lymph, or milk, in which corpuscles or fat globules are suspended.
platelets
a small colourless disc-shaped cell fragment without a nucleus, found in large numbers in blood and involved in clotting.
Artery
any of the muscular-walled tubes forming part of the circulation system by which blood (mainly that which has been oxygenated) is conveyed from the heart to all parts of the body.
vein
any of the tubes forming part of the blood circulation system of the body, carrying in most cases oxygen-depleted blood towards the heart.
capillary
any of the fine branching blood vessels that form a network between the arterioles and venules.
valve
a membranous fold in a hollow organ or tubular structure, such as a blood vessel or the digestive tract, which maintains the flow of the contents in one direction by closing in response to any pressure from reverse flow.
red blood cell
Hemoglobin is the protein inside red blood cells. It carries oxygen. Red blood cells also remove carbon dioxide from your body, transporting it to the lungs for you to exhale. Red blood cells are made in the bone marrow.
white blood cell
cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders.
oxyhaemoglobin
haemoglobin with oxygen molecules attached
vena cava
large vein leading into the top right chamber of the heart
left atrium
upper left section of the heart where oxygenated blood from the lungs enters the heart
right atrium
upper right section of the heart where deoxygenated blood from the body enters
left ventricle
lower left section of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood to all parts of the body
right ventricle
lower right section of the heart, which pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs
lub dub
the sound made by the heart valves as they close
blood pressure
measures how strongly the blood is pumped through the body’s main arteries
systolic pressure
the higher blood pressure reading during contraction of the heart muscles
diastolic pressure
the lower blood pressure reading during relaxation of the heart muscles
heartbeat
contraction of the heart muscle occurring about 60–100 times per minute
pulse
alternating contraction and expansion of arteries due to the pumping of blood by the heart
pacemaker
electronic device inserted in the chest to keep the heart beating regularly at the correct rate. It works by stimulating the heart with tiny electrical impulses.
cardiac muscle
special kind of muscle in the heart that never tires. It is involved in pumping blood through the heart.
