Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science > Earth Science > Flashcards

Earth Science Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Minerals

A

inorganic elements that are essential to function the human body and obtained from food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

lithosphere

A

outermost layer of the Earth, this includes outermost layer of the Earth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

magma

A

very hot molten rock that includes gases, that come from the mantle, just below the earths crust.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

sediments

A

material that has been broken down by weathering and erosion that is moved by wind or water and collects in layers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

lava

A

hot molten or semi-fluid rock erupted from a volcano or solid rock resulting of cooling.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

igneous

A

rocks that form from the cooling of lava or magma as it is thrown through the air from a volcanic eruption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

extrusive

A

igneous rock that forms when lava cools above the Earth’s surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

intrusive

A

igneous rock that forms when magma solidify’s inside the crust

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

pumice

A

a pale rock that forms when lava cools in the air. Pumice often floats on water as it is very light and full of holes that once contained gas.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

scoria

A

a dark, igneous rock formed from gassy lava that cools quickly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

abrasive

A

a property of a material or substance that easily scratches another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

basalt

A

a dark, igneous rock with small crystals formed by fast cooling of hot lava. It sometimes has holes that once contained volcanic gases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

obsidian

A

a black, glassy rock that breaks into pieces with smooth shell-like surfaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

granite

A

a hard, igneous rock with different-coloured crystals large enough to see. It forms slowly below the Earth’s surface.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

batholiths

A

intrusive rock mass that measures more than 100 kilometers across

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

lustre

A

a gentle sheen or soft glow on the mineral which you can see

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

moh’s scale

A

The Mohs scale is the scale of hardness of the mineral.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

streak

A

A streak is a long, thin line or mark of a different substance or color from its surroundings.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Sedimentary rock

A

rock that is formed over a long period of time from particles of sediments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

how is sandstone formed

A

this is formed from grains of sand that have been cemented together over a long time.

21
Q

how is shale formed

A

formed from finer grains of sediment deposited by calm water in the form of mud.

22
Q

conglomerate

A

contains grains of different sizes that have been cemented together.

23
Q

how is mud stone formed

A

formed from finer grains of sediment deposited by calm water in the form of mud.

24
Q

how is silt stone formed

A

has grains slightly larger than those of mud stone.

25
Q

how is coal formed

A

is formed from the remains of dead plants and animals that are buried by other sediments under alot of pressure.

26
Q

how is limestone formed

A

is a sedimentary rock that is formed from deposits of the remains of sea organisms such as shellfish and corals.

27
Q

rock salt

A

is an example of a rock formed in this way. It forms from residues of salt that remain after the evaporation of water from salt lakes or dried-up seabeds and can form beds that are hundreds of metres thick.

28
Q

metamorphism

A

metamorphism the process that changes rocks by extreme pressure or heat (or both)

29
Q

metamorphic rocks

A

metamorphic rocks rock formed from another rock that has been under great heat or pressure (or both)

30
Q

mineral ores

A

rocks mined to obtain a metal or other chemical within them

31
Q

mining

A

extraction of natural resources from the Earth

32
Q

environmental impact statement (EIS)

A

study of the possible effects of a planned project on the environment

33
Q

rehabilitated

A

restored to its previous condition

34
Q

overburden

A

restored to its previous condition

35
Q

open-cut mining

A

mining that scours out soil and rocks on the surface of the land

36
Q

underground mining

A

mining that uses shafts and tunnels to remove rock from deep below the surface

37
Q

alloy

A

a mixture of a metal with a non-metal or another metal

38
Q

stoneage

A

the time beginning about two million years ago during which early humans made implements of stone

39
Q

flint

A

a fine-grained sedimentary rock which leaves a very sharp edge when broken

40
Q

persussion flaking

A

a process in which tool stones such as flint or obsidian were struck with harder stones, such as quartzite, to shear large flakes that could be used to make small tools

41
Q

fossil

A

any remains, impression, or trace of an animal or plant of a former geological age; evidence of life in the past

42
Q

folding

A

the buckling of rocks. It is caused when rocks are under pressure from both sides.

43
Q

paleontologists

A

a scientist who studies fossils

44
Q

relative age

A

the age of a rock compared with the age of another rock

45
Q

carnivores

A

animal that eats other animals

46
Q

scavengers

A

animals that eat dead plant and animal material

47
Q

mould

A

cavity in a rock that shows the shape of the hard parts of an organism; types of fungi found growing on the surface of foods

48
Q

trace fossils

A

fossils that provide evidence, such as footprints, that an organism was present when the rock was formed

49
Q

extinct

A

describes volcanoes that are no longer active. Extinct volcanoes have not erupted for thousands of years and show no sign of future eruption.

Science (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions