the human body

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

study of the structure and shape of the body and body parts and their relationships to one another

Question 2

Physiology

Answer 2

study of how the body and its parts work or function

Question 3

Organelles

Answer 3

Specialized structures in a cell that perform specific metabolic functions

Question 4

Cells

Answer 4

the smallest units of all living things

Question 5

Tissues

Answer 5

consist of groups of similar cells that have a common function

Question 6

Organ

Answer 6

structure that is composed of two or more tissue types and performs a specific function for the body

Question 7

Organ System

Answer 7

group of organs that cooperate to accomplish a common purpose

Question 8

Organism

Answer 8

an individual living thing

Question 9

Metabolism

Answer 9

the sum total of the chemical reactions that occur in the body

Question 10

Homeostasis

Answer 10

a state of body equilibrium or stable internal environment of the body

Question 11

Negative-Feedback Mechanisms

Answer 11

feedback that causes the stimulus to decline or end

Question 12

Receptor

Answer 12

peripheral nerve ending specialized for response to particular types of stimuli

Question 13

Control Center

Answer 13

determines the level at which a variable is to be maintained, analyzes the information it receives and then determines the appropriate response or course of action

Question 14

Effector

Answer 14

an organ, gland, or muscle capable of being activated by nerve endings

Question 15

Positive-Feeding Mechanisms

Answer 15

feedback that tends to cause a variable to change in the same direction as the initial change; enhances the stimulus

Question 16

Anatomical Position

Answer 16

standard body position

Question 17

Superior

Answer 17

refers to the head or upper body regions

Question 18

Inferior

Answer 18

pertaining to a position near the tail end of the long axis of the body

Question 19

Anterior

Answer 19

the front of an organism, organ, or part; the ventral surface

Question 20

Posterior

Answer 20

back of an organism, organ, or part; dorsal surface

Question 21

Sagittal Plane

Answer 21

vertical plane that divides the body or any of its parts into right and left portions

Question 22

Transverse Plane

Answer 22

plane that divides the body or its parts into superior and inferior portions; also called a cross section

Question 23

Frontal Plane

Answer 23

a cut made along a lengthwise plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

Question 24

Oblique Plane

Answer 24

divides the body at an angle

Question 25

Thoracic Cavity

Answer 25

chest cavity

Question 26

Abdominal Cavity

Answer 26

contains stomach, liver, intestines, and other organs

Question 27

Pelvic Cavity

Answer 27

contains reproductive organs, bladder, and rectum

Question 28

Serous Membranes

Answer 28

membrane that lines a cavity w/out an opening to the outside of the body except joint cavities

Question 29

Pericardial Cavity

Answer 29

fluid-filled space between the two layers of the pericardium

Question 30

Pleura Cavity

Answer 30

the serous membrane covering the lungs and lining the thoracic cavity

Question 31

Peritoneal Cavity

Answer 31

fluid-filled gap between wall of abdomen and the organs contained within the abdomen

Question 32

Mesentery

Answer 32

double-layered membrane of the peritoneum that supports most organs in the abdominal cavity