endocrine/ urinary system Flashcards
hormones
chemical messengers
steroids
specific group of chemical substances including hormones and cholesterol
tropic hormones
hormone that regulates function of another endocrine organ
growth hormone
general metabolic hormone
pineal body
pea-sized conical mass of tissue behind the third ventricle of the brain, secreting a hormonelike substance in some mammals
hypothalamus
produces hormones
pituitary gland
regulates gonads, thyroid, adrenal cortex, water balance, lactation
thyroid gland
one of largest endocrine glands
parathyroid gland
small endocrine glands located on posterior aspect of thyroid gland
adrenal gland
hormone-producing glands located superior to the kidneys
pancreas
produces endocrine and exocrine secretions
gonads
organs producing gametes
kidneys
organ that excretes urine
nephrons
structural and functional units of kidneys
responsible for forming urine
uric acid
released when nucleic acids are metabolized
creatinine
chemical waste molecule generated from muscle metabolism
nitrogenous waste
any metabolic waste that contains nitrogen
urea
nitrogen containing substance cleared from blood by kidney into urine
urethra
tube that transports urine to outside the body
urine
liquid waste produced by kidneys
urinary bladder
collects and stores urine from kidneys before disposal from body
electrolyte balance
balance between concentration in cells and in the tissue fluid surrounding the cells of various ions
intracellular fluid
fluid inside the cell
extracellular fluid
fluid outside the cell
